Absolutive

通格

A term used in the grammatical description of some languages, such as inuktitut and georgian, where there is an ergative system. In this system, there is a formal parallel between the object of a transitive verb and the subject of an in transitive one (i.e. they display the same case), and these are referred to as “absolutive”: the subject of the transitive verb is then referred to as “ergative”.

用于某些语言的语法描写，这些语言，如爱斯基摩语和格鲁吉亚语，有作格系统。这种系统中，及物动词的宾语和不及物动词的主语在形式上一致（即由同一格表示），这个一致形式称为“通格””；及物动词的主语则称为“作格”。