Achieving Common Security for All Countries Entails the Unity and Cooperation of the International Community
实现各国共同安全需要国际社会团结合作
Ambassador Guo Haiyan
驻圭亚那大使郭海燕
7 March 2023
2023年3月7日
Peace and development are the common aspirations of all peoples in the world. As the COVID-19 pandemic has eased, countries should have seized the opportunity to focus on economic recovery and accelerating development. Unfortunately, the world today is far from tranquil due to a complex interplay of security challenges such as major-country competition, geopolitical conflicts, political turmoil, natural disasters, and energy and food crises. Human society faces multiple security dilemmas like never before.
和平与发展是世界各国人民的共同期盼。当前，全球新冠疫情有所缓解，各国本应抓紧时机，集中精力恢复经济、加快发展。遗憾的是，世界远不太平，大国博弈、地缘冲突、政局动荡、自然灾害、能源粮食危机等多种风险挑战复杂交织，人类社会正陷入前所未有的多重安全困境。
What security concepts does the world need? How can countries achieve common security? These are the questions of this era facing us all. In 2022, President Xi Jinping proposed the Global Security Initiative (GSI), calling on countries to adapt to the profoundly changing international landscape in the spirit of solidarity, and address the complex and intertwined security challenges with a win-win mindset. The GSI aims to eliminate the root causes of international conflicts, improve global security governance, encourage joint international efforts to bring more stability and certainty to a volatile and changing era, and promote durable peace and development in the world. It has been warmly received by over 80 countries and regional organizations including Guyana.
“世界需要什么样的安全理念、各国怎样实现共同安全”，已成为摆在所有人面前的时代课题。2022年，习近平主席郑重提出了全球安全倡议，主张以团结精神适应深刻调整的国际格局，以共赢思维应对复杂交织的安全挑战，消弭国际冲突根源、完善全球安全治理，推动国际社会携手为动荡变化的时代注入更多稳定性和确定性，实现世界持久和平与发展。倡议迄今得到包括圭亚那在内的80多个国家和地区组织的积极响应。
Recently, China officially released The Global Security Initiative Concept Paper. The concept paper expounds the core ideas and principles of the GSI, identifies the priorities, platforms and mechanisms of cooperation, and demonstrates China’s sense of responsibility for safeguarding world peace and firm resolve to defend global security. The GSI concept paper is underpinned by “six commitments”.
前不久，中方正式发布《全球安全倡议概念文件》，阐释了倡议的核心理念和原则，明确了重点合作方向和平台机制，展现了中方对维护世界和平的责任担当、对守护全球安全的坚定决心。《概念文件》的核心是“六个坚持”：
1. Stay committed to the vision of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security. “Common security” is to respect and safeguard the security of every country; “comprehensive security” is to maintain security in both traditional and non-traditional domains; “cooperative security” is to bring about security through political dialogue and peaceful negotiation; “sustainable security” is to resolve conflicts through development and eliminating the breeding ground for insecurity.
一是坚持共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观。“共同”，就是要尊重和保障每一个国家的安全；“综合”，就是要统筹维护传统领域和非传统领域安全；“合作”，就是要通过政治对话、和平谈判来实现安全；“可持续”，就是要通过发展化解矛盾，消除不安全的土壤。
2. Stay committed to respecting the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all countries. Sovereign equality and non-interference in internal affairs are basic principles of international law and the most fundamental norms governing contemporary international relations. We believe all countries, big or small, strong or weak, rich or poor, are equal members of the international community. Their internal affairs brook no external interference, their sovereignty and dignity must be respected. There should be no practicing of double standards on sovereignty and territorial integrity.
二是坚持尊重各国主权、领土完整。主权平等和不干涉内政是国际法基本原则和现代国际关系最根本准则。我们主张国家不分大小、强弱、贫富，都是国际社会的平等一员，各国内政不容干涉，主权和尊严必须得到尊重，不能在尊重各国主权领土完整方面搞双重标准。
3. Stay committed to abiding by the purposes and principles of the UN Charter. The purposes and principles of the UN Charter embody the deep reflection by people around the world on the bitter lessons of the two world wars. They are humanity’s institutional design for collective security and lasting peace. To effectively implement the purposes and principles, all countries should practice true multilateralism, and uphold the authority of the UN and its status as the main platform for global security governance. The Cold War mentality, unilateralism, bloc confrontation and hegemonism contradict the spirit of the UN Charter and must be resisted and rejected.
三是坚持遵守联合国宪章宗旨和原则。联合国宪章宗旨和原则承载着世界人民对两次世界大战惨痛教训的深刻反思，凝结了人类实现集体安全、永久和平的制度设计。要有效履行这些宗旨和原则，就必须践行真正的多边主义，维护联合国权威及其在全球安全治理中的主要平台地位。冷战思维、单边主义、阵营对抗、霸权主义与联合国宪章精神相违背，应当受到抵制和反对。
4. Stay committed to taking the legitimate security concerns of all countries seriously. All countries are equal in terms of security interests. The legitimate and reasonable security concerns of any countries should be taken seriously and addressed properly, not persistently ignored or systemically challenged. Humanity is an indivisible security community. Security of one country should not come at the expense of that of others, and security of a region cannot be ensured by strengthening or even expanding military blocs. The enduring solution to global security challenges lies in upholding the principle of indivisible security. There should be a balanced, effective and sustainable security architecture, so as to realize universal security and common security.
四是坚持重视各国合理安全关切。各国安全利益都是彼此平等的。任何国家的正当合理安全关切都应得到重视和妥善解决，不应被长期忽视和系统性侵犯。人类是不可分割的安全共同体，一国安全不应以损害他国安全为代价，地区安全也不能以强化甚至扩张军事集团来保障。我们应对全球安全挑战的长久之道，在于秉持安全不可分割原则，构建均衡、有效、可持续的安全架构，推动实现普遍安全、共同安全。
5. Stay committed to peacefully resolving differences and disputes between countries through dialogue and consultation. Neither military aid nor unilateral sanctions are the fundamental solution to disputes; instead, they will only drive the crisis into prolongation and expansion, displacing more people, exacerbating the food and energy crises, and disrupting the world more severely. Only dialogue and consultation are effective in resolving differences. Major countries must uphold justice, fulfill their due responsibilities, support consultation on an equal footing, and facilitate talks for peace, play good offices and mediate in light of the needs and will of the countries concerned. Recently, on the one-year anniversary of the full escalation of the Ukraine crisis, China released “China’s Position on the Political Settlement of the Ukraine Crisis”, proposing a solution to the crisis that addresses both the symptoms and the root causes, clarifying China’s position of always standing on the merits and abiding by objectivity and impartiality, which has been widely recognized by the international community.
五是坚持通过对话协商以和平方式解决国家间的分歧和争端。军事援助和单边制裁都不是解决争端的根本之道，反而只会推动危机向长期化、扩大化方向发展，让更多人流离失所，加剧粮食和能源危机，让世界付出更大代价。对话协商才是化解分歧的有效途径。大国应坚持公道正义，承担应尽责任，支持平等协商，根据当事国需要和愿望劝和促谈、斡旋调停。2月24日，在乌克兰危机全面升级一周年之际，中国发布《关于政治解决乌克兰危机的中国立场》文件，提出了标本兼治的危机解决方案，阐明了始终立足是非曲直、恪守客观公正的中国立场，得到了国际社会的广泛认可。
6. Stay committed to maintaining security in both traditional and non-traditional domains. No country can stay unaffected or become a lone island. Countries should work together to tide over the international security threats, such as regional disputes, terrorism, climate change and those related to cyber-security and bio-security.
六是坚持统筹维护传统领域和非传统领域安全。世界上没有哪个国家能独善其身，也不应让任何国家成为世界孤岛，各国必须同舟共济、携手应对地区争端、恐怖主义、气候变化、网络安全、生物安全等错综复杂的国际安全威胁。
The GSI is rooted in the fine traditional Chinese culture that values peace above everything else, and is inspired by China’s independent foreign policy of peace and its practices. Over the years, China has held high the banner of peace, development, cooperation and mutual benefit, fulfilled its responsibility for world peace, and contributed its level best to global security as a responsible major country.
全球安全倡议植根于以和为贵的中华优秀传统文化，来源于中国独立自主的和平外交政策与实践。长期以来，作为负责任大国，中国始终高举和平、发展、合作、共赢的旗帜，为世界和平担当尽责，为全球安全竭诚贡献。
China remains the only country that has put the commitment to peaceful development in its Constitution. China has never started a war, never occupied one inch of foreign land, never engaged in proxy wars, and never participated in or organized any military bloc. Among the major countries, China has the best peace and security record.
中国是世界上唯一一个将“坚持和平发展道路”载入宪法的国家。中国从未主动挑起过一场战争，从未侵略过别国一寸土地，从来不搞代理人战争，不参加或组建任何军事集团，是全世界在和平与安全问题上纪录最好的大国。
China is the first founding member of the United Nations to sign on the UN Charter. It firmly upholds the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, and advocates respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity of all countries. China has dispatched the most peacekeepers among the permanent members of the UN Security Council. It is the second largest contributor to the UN peacekeeping budget.
中国也是第一个在联合国宪章上签字的创始会员国，始终坚定维护联合国宪章宗旨和原则，历来主张尊重各国的主权和领土完整，是迄今安理会常任理事国中派遣维和人员最多的国家和联合国第二大维和摊款国。
China is the only one among the five nuclear-weapon states that has pledged no-first-use of nuclear weapons, contributing significantly to maintaining global strategic stability. China is committed to the international arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation processes. China has joined over 20 multilateral arms control treaties, and firmly upheld the international nuclear non-proliferation regime.
中国也是五核国中唯一承诺不首先使用核武器的国家，为维护全球战略稳定作出了重要贡献。中国始终致力于国际军控、裁军和防扩散进程，已加入20多项多边军控条约，坚定维护国际核不扩散体系。
China is committed to following a Chinese approach to resolving hotspot issues, playing a constructive role on Ukraine, the Middle East, the Iranian nuclear, the Korean Peninsula, and Afghanistan among other issues.
中国始终致力于有中国特色的热点问题解决之道。在乌克兰、中东、伊朗核、朝鲜半岛、阿富汗等问题上，中方都发挥了重要的建设性作用。
China is committed to meeting global challenges. China has made robust efforts to implement the Paris climate agreement, provided more than 2.2 billion doses of COVID vaccines to over 120 countries and international organizations, put forward the Global Initiative on Data Security and the International Cooperation Initiative on Global Food Security, and promoted the establishment of the Global Clean Energy Cooperation Partnership. China will continue advancing international cooperation on counter-terrorism, disaster relief, climate change, public health, among others, combat transnational organized crime, and contribute its share to tackling non-traditional security threats.
中国始终致力于应对全球挑战，积极落实应对气候变化《巴黎协定》，向120多个国家和国际组织提供超过22亿剂新冠疫苗，发起《全球数据安全倡议》、国际粮食安全合作倡议，倡导建立全球清洁能源合作伙伴关系。今后我们将继续推进国际反恐、救灾、气变、公共卫生等合作，有力打击跨国有组织犯罪，为应对非传统安全威胁贡献力量。
The GSI is rooted in true multilateralism and is an important public good in the field of international security. It is open and inclusive, not closed and exclusive. We welcome all peace-loving and development-oriented countries and parties to participate in this initiative, which is by no means a solo of China, but a symphony performed by all partners. For Latin American and Caribbean region, we support regional countries in actively fulfilling commitments stated in the Proclamation of Latin America and the Caribbean as a Zone of Peace, and support the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States and other regional and sub-regional organizations in playing active roles in upholding regional peace and security and properly handling regional hotspots.
全球安全倡议植根于真正的多边主义理念，是国际安全领域的重要公共产品，是开放的、包容的，不是封闭的、排他的。倡议合作不是中方一家的“独奏曲”，而是各国各方的“交响乐”，我们欢迎所有爱好和平、致力发展的国际社会成员参与其中。对于拉加地区，倡议支持地区国家积极践行《宣布拉美和加勒比为和平区的公告》承诺，支持包括拉共体在内的区域和次区域组织为维护地区和平安全、妥善处理地区热点问题发挥积极作用。
Hon. Prime Minister Brigadier (Ret’d) Mark Phillips said that “China’s Global Security Initiative establishes a framework for addressing the world’s security challenges. The Global Security Initiative is predicated on respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of states, respect for the principles of the Charter of the United Nations and a commitment towards the peaceful resolution of disputes. All of these principles constitute the essential pillars of Guyana’s foreign relations.” China wishes to stand in solidarity and cooperate with Guyana, Caribbean region and all countries in the world for a brighter future of lasting peace and universal security.
菲利普斯总理曾表示，全球安全倡议建立了应对全球安全挑战的框架，其包含的尊重各国领土与主权完整、尊重《联合国宪章》原则、以和平方式解决国际争端等原则，与圭外交政策不谋而合。中国期待与圭亚那、拉加地区以及世界各国团结合作，共同迈向持久和平、普遍安全的美好明天。