2018年7月16日外交部发言人华春莹主持例行记者会
Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Hua Chunying’s Regular Press Conference on July 16, 2018
问：美国在《关于301调查的声明》中指责中国长期从事不公平贸易，导致中国占便宜、美国吃亏。外交部发言人对此有何回应？
Q: In its statement on Section 301 Action, the US accused China of long engaging in unfair trade practices which have benefited itself and shortchanged the US. What is your comment?
答：中国商务部上周已经发表声明，批驳了美方有关错误观点，指出美方有关指责完全是歪曲事实、站不住脚。我想再问美方几个问题：
A: The Commerce Ministry of China issued a statement last week to refute the distortion of facts and the groundless accusations made by the US side. Here I do have some questions for the US side:
第一，众所周知，美国是世界贸易规则主要制定者，美元是国际贸易主要结算货币，而中国是国际贸易后来者、WTO规则接受者。大家有谁相信，规则制定者制定的规则是利人不利己的？
First, everyone knows that the US is the rule-maker in international trade, and the US dollar is universally accepted in international settlements, while China is a later-comer in international trade and rule-taker in the WTO. Who would believe that the rule-maker would make rules to serve others rather than itself?
第二，过去40年间，中美贸易规模增长了230多倍，去年两国贸易总量已接近6000亿美元，这既是经济规律使然，也是中美经贸合作互利共赢的必然。大家都知道，生意人不做亏本买卖，资本从来都是逐利的。难道美国在过去40年里一直和中国做亏本买卖吗？美方可不可以请那些长期和中国做生意的美国企业出来说句公道话？
Second, over the past 40 years, the China-US trade volume has expanded by more than 230 times, with last year’s number approximating US$ 600 billion. Such an expansion is a result of economic laws as well as the mutually beneficial nature of China-US economic and trade cooperation. No businessman is interested in loss-making deals, and capital seeks profits. How come that the US has been willingly doing loss-making deals with China over the past four decades? Why won’t the US side listen to the fair words of the US enterprises who have long been business partners of Chinese enterprises?
第三，今天中国已成为120多个国家和地区的最大贸易伙伴，是世界上增长最快的主要出口市场，全球吸引外资最多的发展中国家。去年中国吸引外资居世界第二位，今年上半年中国新设立外商投资企业同比增长96.6%。难道这么多国家都在并将继续与中国做亏本生意吗？
Third, China is now the largest trading partner of more than 120 countries and regions, the fastest growing major export market and the largest recipient of foreign investment among developing countries, with the FDI inflow ranking second last year. In the first half of this year, new companies registered by foreign investors showed a 96.6 percent increase year on year. Does it sound logical that all these countries have been shortchanged by China and they still want to do business like this with China?
我想指出，贸易不平衡不等于不公平。公平是靠大家平等协商来制定国际规则，而不能自说自话，根据自身利益来制定标准，甚至以牺牲其他国家公平和利益为代价谋取最大利益。如果说，当年中国入世谈判时，WTO规则的“篮筐”不会为中国而降低，那么今天，经济全球化大潮也绝不会因为某个国家包括美方有些人逆潮流而动而退回到一个个自我孤立的小河小湖。在今天这个各国相互依存、命运与共的时代里，保护主义保护不了自己，单边主义只会损人害己。
I wish to say that when it comes to trade, imbalance does not mean unfairness. Fairness is everybody making international rules together through equal-footed consultations. Fairness is anything but one party calling the shots and dictating rules-making to serve and maximize its own interests at the cost of justice and equality for others. When China negotiated its way into the WTO, no thresholds of the WTO had been lowered for China’s sake. In the same vein, the global economic ocean will not be channeled back into isolated lakes and creeks just because of some individual’s resistance against the tide. In today’s world where our interests and futures are closely entwined, protectionism could not protect and unilateralism would achieve nothing but everyone’s detriment.
问：据报道，美国共和党众议员凯文·布莱迪称，要解决中美贸易争端，需要中美领导人面对面谈判。中方目前是否在这方面作出了努力？你对此有何回应？
Q: US House Republican Kevin Brady said that in order for the trade frictions between the US and China to end, there needs to be a face-to-face meeting between the two leaders. Are there any efforts being made by China in this regard? Does China have any reply to Kevin Brady?
答：关于中美经贸争端，中方已多次清晰阐明了立场。至于美方怎么处理有关问题，美国政府的确应该多听听人民的意见，多考虑人民的利益，多想想国际贸易秩序和规则。
A: Regarding the trade disputes between China and the US, the Chinese side has made its position clear on many occasions. As for how the US should deal with the relevant issues, it is time that the US government lend its ears to its people’s voice, think more about its people’s interests, and cherish more the order and rules of the international trade.
问：近日，英国《金融时报》刊文称，“一带一路”项目在全球范围内遭遇困难，这主要是因为中国发展融资不透明，项目推进过程中不顾及当地实际情况。请问中方对此有何回应？
Q: The UK-headquartered Financial Times published an article the other day about the proliferating difficulties China’s Belt and Road Initiative is facing worldwide because of a lack of transparency in financing and a disregard for local conditions. What is your response?
答：你提到的这一观点不符合实际情况，中方完全不能认同。
A: What you just cited has no truth in it, and China totally disagrees with it.
“一带一路”建设遵循共商共建共享的黄金法则，在各参与方共同努力下，近年来一大批“一带一路”合作项目落地生根、开花结果，为合作伙伴国带来了22亿美元税收，创造了20多万个就业岗位，得到有关国家政府和老百姓的真心欢迎。中国与希腊企业合作经营比雷埃夫斯港项目以来，比港集装箱吞吐量增长6倍，全球排名从第93位跃升至第36位，是全球增速最快的集装箱码头。肯尼亚蒙巴萨到首都内罗毕原来要用十几个小时，蒙内铁路通车后仅需5个小时。这条铁路不仅为肯尼亚人民提供了便利，还为当地经济发展增加了动力。塔吉克斯坦盛产棉花，但棉花加工能力仅占全国棉花产量的10%，中塔两国共建中亚最大纺织企业后将这一数字提升到40%。加工出来的纯棉纺线90%以上销往海外市场，成为塔吉克斯坦出口创汇第一大户。这样的例子不胜枚举。
The Belt and Road Initiative follows the golden rule of shared benefits through consultation and contribution and has borne fruits in the shape of various cooperation projects, delivering US$2.2 billion tax revenue and more than 200,000 jobs for cooperation partners. These projects have been accepted and sincerely welcomed by the relevant governments and peoples. The Port of Piraeus, under the joint operation of Chinese and Greek enterprises, has seen its container throughput traffic grow by six times and its global ranking surge from 93rd to 36th, making it the fastest growing container port globally. In Kenya, a journey from its biggest port city Mombasa to its capital Nairobi used to take over ten hours. Yet since the opening of the Mombasa-Nairobi railway line, the trip has been cut to five hours. The railway has brought convenience to the lives of the Kenyan people and added impetus to the local economic development. Tajikistan is a large cotton producer. Despite that, the country could only process 10 percent of its output. Yet thanks to a textile joint venture it set up with China, which is the largest enterprise of its kind in central Asia, Tajikistan’s cotton processing rate rose to 40 percent. The joint venture sells over nine tenths of the 100 percent cotton yarn it produces to foreign markets and becomes the country’s biggest source of foreign currency earnings. The list of such examples could go on and on.
上周六，外交部副部长乐玉成在清华大学主办的第七届世界和平论坛午餐会上发表演讲时，讲述了一个乌兹别克斯坦和“一带一路”的故事。乌兹别克斯坦三分之一的人口住在安集延地区，以往当地人去首都塔什干，要么翻山越岭开上四五天车，要么坐火车绕道第三国，这成了该国政府和人民的一个心结。是中国工人，冒着生命危险，用900天时间帮助打通了中亚第一条也是迄今为止中亚最长的一条铁路隧道。现在，安集延地区人民仅用两个小时就能抵达首都。他们欢呼“一带一路”，欢呼中国工人帮助他们解决了出门难、行路难这个千年难题。
Last Saturday, Vice Foreign Minister Le Yucheng talked about Uzbekistan’s story with the Belt and Road Initiative in his speech at the 7th World Peace Forum in Tsinghua University. One third of Uzbekistan’s population live in the Andijan region. Travel to Tashkent, its capital, had long been a headache for the government and local people as one had to either drive four or five days across mountain passes or transit through a third country by train. This longstanding problem was resolved when Chinese construction workers came and helped build a railway tunnel in just 900 days despite the hostile natural conditions. It is the first and so far the longest rail tunnel in central Asia. Now people in Andijan can get to Tashkent in just two hours. They hailed the Belt and Road Initiative and applauded the Chinese workers for making the journey so much easier for them.
中国在与有关国家共建“一带一路”进程中，始终坚持平等开放透明，坚持以企业为主体的市场化运作，按照市场规律和通行的国际规则行事，每一个项目都是有关各方平等协商的结果。包括中方在内的27个国家共同制定了《“一带一路”融资指导原则》，明确要建设透明、友好、非歧视和可预见的融资环境，强调推动经济社会可持续发展，在动员资金时兼顾债务可持续性。中方在上述原则基础上开展“一带一路”投融资合作，帮助许多发展中国家打破了资金瓶颈。与中国合作究竟效果如何，伙伴国政府和人民最有发言权。
While advancing the Belt and Road Initiative, China upholds the principle of equality, openness and transparency and sticks to enterprise-oriented market operations as well as market laws and well-accepted international rules. Each and every project is the outcome of equal-footed consultation. The Guiding Principles on Financing the Development of the Belt and Road co-formulated by 27 countries including China aims to build a financing environment that is transparent, friendly, non-discriminatory and predictable, highlights the economic and social sustainable development, and pursues a balance between capital mobilization and debt sustainability. It is on the basis of these principles that China conducts its Belt and Road investment and financing cooperation, and such cooperation has helped many developing countries break financing bottlenecks. The governments and peoples of our partners have the most say in judging how their cooperation with China is faring.
当然，随着近期国际上保护主义上升，主要经济体货币政策外溢效应显现，世界经济不确定、不稳定因素增多，一些发展中国家宏观经济稳定性承受压力，再加上部分国家政局变化和自然灾害频发，个别“一带一路”合作项目暂时遇到困难，这是发展中的烦恼，必须也只能通过相关方的共商共建加以解决。如果就此断言“一带一路”项目在全球范围内遭遇困难，并归咎于中方的投融资合作，这属于典型的以偏概全，不符合事实和主流，是很不负责任的。在中国的合作伙伴中，没有哪个国家因为与中国合作陷入债务危机的。在迄今出现的所谓“债务危机”中，没有哪个是中国引起的。我们希望有关新闻报道秉持实事求是的态度，摘下有色眼镜，多做些客观、公正、全面的报道，帮助读者了解真实情况。
Facing a worldwide surge of protectionism, more visible spill-over effects of major economies’ monetary policies and an increase of uncertainties and destabilizing factors, some developing countries have seen their macro-economic stability under strain. Coupled with shifts in some countries’ political landscape and frequent natural disasters, several Belt and Road projects met temporary setbacks. These growing pains can only be resolved by relevant parties through extensive consultation and joint contribution. If these temporary setbacks led to the rash conclusion that the Belt and Road Initiative met headwinds worldwide and China’s investment and financing cooperation is to blame, then it is typical overgeneralization, a highly irresponsible mistake that fails to reflect the reality and the overarching trend. No cooperation partner of China has been dragged into a debt crisis because of its cooperation with China, and none of the so-called debt crises reported by the media were caused by China. We hope that relevant media reports could respect the truth, take off their tinted glasses, and make more objective, unbiased and all-sided reports. Their readers deserve the true story.
问：据报道，中国与克罗地亚首次警务联合巡逻15日在克罗地亚南部旅游城市杜布罗夫尼克正式启动。克罗地亚成为继意大利之后第二个与中国警方开展警务联合巡逻的国家。中方对此有何评论？
Q: On July 15, Chinese police officers started their first joint patrol with their Croatian counterparts in Dubrovnik, Croatia’s southern tourist city. Croatia became the second country after Italy to conduct joint police patrols with China. What is your comment?
答：这几天，克罗地亚吸引了全世界的目光，克罗地亚在本届世界杯足球赛期间的精彩表现使这颗“地中海明珠”更加大放异彩。
A: Croatia has been the focus of attention these days, with its splendid performance at the World Cup adding to the glamour of this “pearl of the Mediterranean”.
当前，中克关系发展良好，务实合作成果喜人。去年中国游客赴克罗地亚人数增长近60%。中克旅游季警务联巡项目正是在中克旅游合作进入快速发展期的背景下正式启动的。两国警方在克罗地亚著名景点开展联合巡逻，构成了克罗地亚一道亮丽的风景线，标志着中克两国公安和执法部门合作提高到新的水平。中方愿与克方加强各领域合作，推动中克关系不断取得新发展。
At present, China-Croatia relations are enjoying a sound momentum of development and satisfying outcomes in practical cooperation. Last year, the number of Chinese tourists traveling to Croatia grew by around 60%. As the bilateral tourism cooperation enters a fast-growing phase, the first ever joint police patrol during tourist season is launched to mark a new height of bilateral police and law enforcement cooperation. The Chinese and Croatian police will jointly patrol popular places, and their presence will certainly be a plus for the tourists. China stands ready to step up across-the-board cooperation with Croatia and continue to move forward China-Croatia relations.