翻译工作者宪章（下）
The Translator’s CharterⅡ
SECTION II RIGHTS OF THE TRANSLATOR
第二章 翻译工作者的权利
13. Every translator shall enjoy all the rights with respect to the translation he/she has made, which the country where he/she exercises his/her activities grants to other intellectual workers.
13. 每个翻译工作者对其译著享有所在国给予其他脑力劳动者所享有的一切权利。
14. A translation, being a creation of the intellect, shall enjoy the legal protection accorded to such works.
14. 译著是脑力劳动成果，受有关规定的法律保护。
15. The translator is therefore the holder of copyright in his/her translation and consequently has the same privileges as the author of the original work.
15. 翻译工作者对其译著享有著作权，从而享有与原著作者同样的优惠权益。
16. The translator shall thus enjoy, with respect to his/her translation, all the moral rights of succession conferred by his/her authorship.
16. 翻译工作者对其译著享有与作者同样的一切道义上的权利与遗产转让的权利。
17. He/she shall consequently enjoy during his/her lifetime the right to recognition of his/her authorship of the translation, from which it follows, inter alias, that
17. 翻译工作者生前享有确认本人为其译著作者的权利，其中包括：
(a) his/her name shall be mentioned clearly and unambiguously whenever his/her translation is used publicly;
甲） 公开利用译者的译文时应该明确、清楚地提到译者的姓名；
(b) he/she shall be entitled to oppose any distortion, mutilation or other modification of his/her translation;
乙） 译者有权反对任何歪曲、删减或改动其译文的行为；
(c) publishers and other users of his/her translation shall not make changes therein without the translator’s prior consent;
丙） 出版者或其他利用译文的人，事先未经译者同意，不得对译文进行任何改动；
(d) he/she shall be entitled to prohibit any improper use of his/her translation and, in general, to resist any attack upon it that is prejudicial to his/her honor or reputation.
丁） 译者有权禁止非法利用其译文的一切行为，有权反对损害译者荣誉或声望的任何活动。
18. Furthermore, the exclusive right to authorize the publication, presentation, broadcasting, re-translation, adaptation, modification or other rendering of his/her translation, and, in general, the right to use his/her translation in any form shall remain with the translator.
18. 翻译工作者在允许别人发表、演出、广播、翻译、改写、修改其译文及其他以任何形式利用其译文方面，享有特殊的决定权。
19. For every public use of his/her translation the translator shall be entitled to remuneration at a rate fixed by contract or law.
19. 翻译工作者对公开使用其译文有权获得法律或合同规定的报酬。
SECTION III ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL POSITION OF THE TRANSLATOR
第三章 翻译工作者的经济地位和社会地位
20. The translator must be assured of living conditions enabling him/her to carry out with efficiency and dignity the social task conferred on him/her.
20. 翻译工作者有权获得能使他切实完成其所负社会任务的生活条件。
21. The translator shall have a share in the success of his/her work and shall, in particular, be entitled to remuneration proportional to the commercial proceeds from the work he/she has translated.
21. 翻译工作者有权从其译著的成果中获得利益，有权从其译著的商务利润中按比例获得报酬。
22. It must be recognized that translation can also arise in the form of commissioned work and acquire as such rights to remuneration independent of commercial profits accruing from the work translated.
22. 翻译工作者也可以一次预订的方式进行；在这种情况下，不论其译著所得商业利润如何，译者都有权获得报酬。
23. The translating profession, like other professions, shall enjoy in every country a protection equal to that afforded to other professions in that country, by collective agreements, standard contracts, etc.
23. 翻译工作这项职业，同其他自由职业一样，在各国都受到监督工资、集体合同、标准合同等措施的保护。
24. Translators in every country shall enjoy the advantages granted to intellectual workers, and particularly of all social insurance schemes, such as old-age pensions, health insurance, unemployment benefits and family allowances.
24. 各国翻译工作者都享有脑力劳动者享有的各种优惠待遇，其中包括老年退休金、医疗、失业、多子女的补助金等各种形式的社会保障。
SECTION IV TRANSLATORS’ SOCIETIES AND UNIONS
第四章 翻译工作者协会或联合会
25. In common with members of other professions, translators shall enjoy the right to form professional societies or unions.
25. 翻译工作者同其他自由职业者一样，有权组织职业协会或联合会。
26. In addition to defending the moral and material interests of translators, these organizations shall have the task of ensuring improvement in standards of translation and of dealing with all other matters concerning translation.
26. 这些组织的任务，除了保护翻译工作者的物质和精神利益外，还应包括提高翻译质量和研究与翻译有关的一切其他问题。
27. They shall exert their influence on public authorities in the preparation and introduction of legal measures and regulations concerning the profession.
27. 为了草拟与翻译工作者有关的法律措施和规则，翻译工作者协会或联合会可与政府机关进行接触。
28. They shall strive to maintain permanent relations with organizations which are users of translations (publishers’ associations, industrial and commercial enterprises, public and private authorities, the Press, etc.) for the purpose of studying and finding solutions to their common problems.
28. 翻译工作者协会或联合会应尽可能与利用译文的团体（出版者协会、工商企业、国家与私人机关、报刊等）保持经常联系，以便研究和解决一些共同的课题。
29. In watching over the quality of all works translated in their countries, they shall keep in touch with cultural organizations, societies of authors, national sections of the Pen Club, literary critics, learned societies, universities, and technical and scientific research institutes.
29. 翻译工作者协会或联合会为了监督所在国的一切译著的质量，可与所在国的文化组织、作家联合会、国际笔会本国分会、文学评论界、科学协会、大学、科技研究所等保持联系。
30. They shall be competent to act as arbiters and experts in all disputes arising between translators and users of translations.
30. 翻译工作者协会或联合会在翻译工作者与译文使用者之间发生的各种争执中起仲裁人或鉴定人的作用。
31. They shall have the right to give advice on the training and recruitment of translators, and to co-operate with specialized organizations and universities in the pursuit of these aims.
31. 翻译工作者协会或联合会可在训练和补充翻译干部问题上发表意见，也可与专家机构和大学合作来实现这些任务。
32. They shall endeavor to collect information of interest to the profession from all sources and to place it at the disposal of translators in the form of libraries, files, journals and bulletins, for which purpose they shall establish theoretical and practical information services, and organize seminars and meetings.
32. 翻译工作者协会或联合会应从各个方面收集翻译工作者感兴趣的情报资料，并以图书、合订本、概述、通报的形式提供给翻译工作者使用，为此，应组织理论和实践方面的情报服务工作，举办讲习班，召开会议。
SECTION V NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AND THE INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF TRANSLATORS
第五章 全国性翻译工作者组织和国际翻译工作者联合会
33. Where several groups of translators exist in a country, organized either on a regional basis or into different categories, it will be desirable for these groups to co-ordinate their activities in a central national organization, at the same time preserving their identity.
33. 在一些同时存在着几个按地区特点或按一定范围建立起来的翻译工作者组织的国家，最好能在保持各自独立性的情况下，由这些组织建立一个全国性的中央组织，以联合各组织的力量。
34. In countries where societies or unions of translators are not yet in existence, it is suggested that translators should join forces to bring about the necessary establishment of such an organization, in accordance with the relevant legal requirements of their country.
34. 在还未建立翻译工作者协会或联合会的国家，则建议这些国家的翻译工作者将自己的力量联合起来，以便在符合所在国法律的条件下建立这种必要的组织。
35. To ensure the attainment of their aims at world level by common effort, national translators’ organizations are called upon to unite in the Fédération internationale des traducteurs (International Federation of Translators [FIT]).
35. 为了在世界范围内达到共同的目的，建议各国翻译工作者组织加入国际翻译工作者联合会。
36. Translators shall join their national organizations of their own free will and the same must apply to the societies with respect to their association with the International Federation of Translators.
36. 翻译工作者参加本国的翻译团体，以及这些团体加入国际翻译工作者联合会，都出于自愿。
37. The International Federation of Translators shall defend the material and moral rights of translators at the international level, keep in touch with progress in theoretical and practical matters relating to translation, and endeavor to contribute to the spread of civilization throughout the world.
37. 国际翻译工作者联合会维护翻译工作者在国际范围内的物质权利与道义权利，关心翻译理论及实践的发展，大力促进全世界的文化传播。
38. The International Federation of Translators shall attain these objectives by representing translators at the international level, particularly through relations with governmental, non-governmental and supranational organizations, by taking part in meetings likely to be of interest to translators and translation at the international level, by publishing works, and by organizing or arranging for the organization of congresses at which questions concerning translation or translators may be examined.
38. 国际翻译者联合会在完成这些任务时，代表着全世界的翻译工作者，同政府的、非政府的或政府之间的机关进行接触，参加与世界翻译工作者和翻译工作的利益有关的会议，出版著作，召开或赞助召开有关翻译工作问题的会议。
39. In general the International Federation of Translators shall extend the activities of the societies of every country at the international level, co-ordinate their efforts and define its common policy.
39. 国际翻译工作者联合会是在国际范围内继续进行各国翻译工作者团体的工作，协助它们的力量，确定它们共同的行为方针。
40. The national societies and the International Federation of Translators, their central organization, derive the strength necessary for the pursuit of their professional objectives from the feeling of solidarity existing among translators and from the dignity of translation which contributes to better understanding among nations and to the spread of culture throughout the world.
40. 加入翻译工作者联合会的各国翻译工作者协会及其中央组织，为了履行其职责，要从联合翻译工作者的团结情谊中，要从促进各国人民相互了解和世界文化传播的高质量翻译工作中，不断吸取必要的力量。