双语资料:2018年7月18日外交部发言人华春莹主持例行记者会
发布时间:2018年08月06日
发布人:nanyuzi  

2018718日外交部发言人华春莹主持例行记者会

Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Hua Chunying’s Regular Press Conference on July 18, 2018

 

问:美国发动贸易战引发国际社会广泛担忧,有关主要经济体、国际权威机构和众多跨国公司都对此表达强烈关切。中方怎么看待贸易战对世界经济的影响?

Q: The trade war waged by the United Stated has caused widespread worries among the international community. Major economies, well-known international organizations and many transnational companies have expressed strong concerns over that. From China’s perspective, how is this trade war going to impact the world economy?

 

答:中国商务部上周有关声明指出,美国打贸易战不仅针对中国,还以全世界为敌,将把世界经济拖入危险境地。在这里我想再强调几点:

A: The statement issued by the Chinese Ministry of Commerce last week pointed out that the United States is launching a trade war not only with China, but also with the whole world, dragging the world economy into a treacherous zone. Here I would like to stress a few more points:

 

  第一,贸易战打击全球贸易增长势头。国际货币基金组织研究指出,有关关税威胁和其他壁垒将使所有国家进口物价上涨10%,5年后全球贸易将萎缩15%。世界银行认为,美国与主要贸易伙伴间加征关税带来的影响,相当于2008至2009年金融危机期间下降的贸易量。

First, the trade war dampens the growth momentum of global trade. An IMF research shows that tariffs or other barriers will lead to a 10% hike in import prices for all countries and a 15% fall in global trade in another five years’ time. The World Bank found that the tariffs increase by the US and its major trade partners will lead to a drop in global trade flows equal to the amount that took place during the financial crisis of 2008-2009.

 

  第二,贸易战冲击各方对世界经济的信心。国际货币基金组织总裁拉加德日前警告说,“笼罩世界经济的乌云正变得越来越重,最大和最重的乌云是信心的恶化”。如果大家翻翻近来各国的报纸,就不难看出,日益升级的贸易战已成为世界经济最大的“信心杀手”,将破坏来之不易的复苏态势,动摇全球经济增长的根基。经合组织预测,随着相关国家关税上调,全球经济增速将下降1.4个百分点。

Second, the trade war shakes everyone’s confidence in the world economy. IMF Managing Director Christine Lagarde said that “the clouds on the horizon are getting darker by the day, and the biggest and darkest cloud that we see is the deterioration in confidence”. Flicking through recent newspapers of many countries, you cannot help but feel that the escalating trade war has become the biggest “confidence killer” of the world economy, which will damage the hard-won momentum for recovery and destabilize the foundation of global economic growth. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) predicts that with the increase of tariffs, global economic growth rate will fall by 1.4 percentage point.

 

  第三,贸易战危及全球民众福祉。世贸组织总干事阿泽维多表示,贸易战对所有人都有害,对就业将带来严重影响,穷人将损失高达63%的购买力。美国经济机构也预测,贸易战将导致美国60万人失业,美国工人、农民和消费者都将受到连带损害。

Third, the trade war jeopardizes the well-being of all mankind. World Trade Organization (WTO) Director General Roberto Azevedo said that trade wars are detrimental to everyone and jobs will be severely affected. The poor will lose about 63 percent of their purchasing power. American economic institutions also predicted a loss of 600,000 jobs due to the trade war, with US workers, farmers and consumers being caught in the cross-hairs.

 

  第四,更重要的是,出于国内政治考虑,以一己之私发动贸易战,是典型的单边主义和零和思维,这是二战结束以来国际规则和全球治理的一次全面倒退,如果发展下去,对世界经济造成的损害可能是深层次的,确实令人担忧。

Last but not least, initiating a trade war to serve domestic political needs and selfish interests is a typical act of unilateralism and zero-sum game. It marks a full-blown regression of international rules and global governance since the end of the Second World War, which, if unchecked, will cut so deep to the world economy that everybody should be alarmed by this.

 

问:贸易战会给中国带来什么损害?你认为中国经济是否足够强大,能够承受与美国的贸易战?

Q: How will China be hurt by the trade war? Is China’s economy strong enough to withstand the trade war?

 

答:近日中国国新办、发展改革委等部门召开的系列新闻发布会已就这个问题回答了记者提问。我们有强大的内需支撑,有信心、有能力、有条件实现经济平稳健康增长。

 A: This question has already been answered by the officials from the Information Office of the State Council and the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) in their press briefings. Our strong domestic demand is our powerful backup. We have the confidence, the abilities and the conditions to realize steady and sound economic growth.

 

追问:你刚才警告说贸易战给全球贸易带来危害,但中国不会受到贸易战的影响?

Follow-up: So just now you were raising the alarm about the danger to global trade, but you believe that China will not be affected?

 

答:我想这不矛盾。贸易战是世界上所有人都不希望看到的。就像我刚才讲的,贸易战将打击全球贸易增长势头,冲击各方对世界经济信心,危及全球民众福祉,损害全球治理和国际规则。我们当然不希望打损人害己的贸易战。与此同时,正如商务部新闻发言人以及发展改革委等部门官员多次表示,中国政府有坚定的信心,足够的能力和政策空间,采取有针对性的措施,缓解中美贸易摩擦带来的影响,应对世界经济不确定性的冲击,维护好中方正当利益。

A: I don’t see any contradiction in these two. No one wants to see a trade war. Just like I said, a trade war will damp the growth of global trade, shake the confidence of all in the world economy, jeopardize the well-being of all mankind, and undermine global governance and international rules. Of course we don't welcome a trade war in which everyone loses. In the meantime, as has been made clear by the Spokesperson of the Commerce Ministry and officials from the NDRC, the Chinese government is confident that it has sufficient abilities and enough leeway policy-wise to take targeted measures, ease the impact of the China-US trade frictions, absorb the impact of the world economic uncertainty, and uphold China’s legitimate interests.

 

问:据美国白宫网站消息,美国副总统彭斯在讲话中表示,在所有行业,中国对美商品征收的关税是美对中国商品征税的3倍,美将采取强硬措施,阻止中国“偷窃”技术。如果中国拒绝公平贸易,继续报复美国,美国不会退缩。中方对此有何回应?

Q: The US White House website put up a speech made by Vice President Mike Pence. He said that across every industry, China’s average tariffs on American goods are three times higher than the US tariffs on Chinese goods. The US will take strong action to prevent China from stealing technologies. If China refuses to level the playing field and continues to retaliate against the US, the US will not back down. What is your response?

 

答:日前中国商务部声明已经系统清晰阐明了中方有关立场。既然美方官员又提到了中美经贸中的所谓关税、公平、“偷窃”、报复等问题,我可以再简要回应几点:

A: The statement made by our Commerce Ministry has comprehensively and clearly explained China’s position on the relevant issue. Since the US officials want to talk about tariffs, fairness, “stealing” and retaliation, then I can say a few points on them.

 

  第一,在所有行业,中国对美国关税是美对华关税的3倍?错!以汽车关税为例,美国对乘用车的进口税率是2.5%,但是卡车进口税率是25%,而中国对进口汽车零部件关税只有10%,近期又降到6%。

First, is it true that across every industry, China’s average tariffs on American goods are three times higher than the US tariffs on Chinese goods? Not true! Take automobile tariffs for example, the US may have a 2.5% tariff rate on imported passenger vehicles, but it imposes a 25% rate on imported trucks. But China has recently reduced its tariff rate for imported auto parts to 6% from 10%.

 

  第二,中国拒绝公平贸易?错!中方从来主张公平贸易。但是公平不能自说自话,不能完全根据自身利益和需要来制定标准。中方正在推进新一轮对外开放,将继续努力营造开放、透明、公平、可预期的商业环境。而美国却在制造种种借口,甚至滥用“国家安全”等荒谬理由对中国企业在美正常投资和经营活动制造种种障碍和限制。中国在开门,美国在关门。谁对谁错,一目了然。

    Second, is it true that China refuses to level the playing field? Not true! China always upholds fair trade, but fairness is not to be defined by one party alone who only thinks about its own interests and needs in rules-making. China is in the process of a new round of opening-up. We will continue to work for an open, transparent, fair and predictable business environment. The US, on the other hand, has been engineering all kinds of excuses, including preposterous and far-fetched ones like “national security”, to obstruct and restrict Chinese enterprises’ normal investment and business activities in the US. China's door is opening wider while the American one is closing down. Who is doing the right thing here? I believe it is not that difficult to answer.

 

   第三,中国“窃取”美国知识产权?错!美方污蔑中国“偷窃”知识产权是对历史和现实的严重歪曲。中国正坚定实施创新驱动发展战略,中国的创新成就一不靠偷,二不靠抢,而是13亿多中国人民靠智慧和汗水奋斗出来的。美国前财长萨默斯讲了句公道话:中国企业在技术上处于领先地位,不是“窃取”美国技术的结果,而是首先源于中国基础科学领域优秀的科学家和重视人才、关注科学的教育体系。我建议美国那些唯我独尊的人,不妨去认真读一读英国著名历史学家李约瑟先生的《中国科学技术史》。

Third, is it true that China is stealing the US intellectual property? Not true! The US has severely distorted what happened in the past and is happening right now by accusing China of stealing intellectual property. China is pursuing innovation-driven development. Every innovative achievement we have today is made through our 1.3 billion people’s wisdom and hard-work, not by stealing or robbing. Former US Treasury Secretary Larry Summers got it right when he said that Chinese companies’ leadership in some technologies is not the result of theft from the US. It’s coming from terrific scientists in basic science. It’s coming from an educational system that’s privileging excellence and concentrating on science. For those egotistical men in the US, I strongly recommend Joseph Needham’s Science and Civilization in China for them.

 

  第四,如果中国继续报复,美国不会退缩?错!正确的说法应是如果美国继续任性妄为,世界各国将更加坚决有力回击。这是一场由美国率先挑起的单边主义与多边主义、保护主义与自由贸易、强权与规则之争。坚决维护自身正当权益、维护多边贸易规则和体系是国际社会的强烈共识和决心。如果美方继续抱守“美国打人有理,别国自卫无理”的霸权逻辑,只会在孤家寡人的错误道路上越走越远。

Fourth, is it true that if China continues to retaliate, the US will not back down? Not true! The correct way to put this is that if the US is bent on having everything its way, then it needs to ready itself for more forceful fight-back from others. The US initiated this war of unilateralism, protectionism and power politics against multilateralism, free trade and rules-based order, but the international community is united and determined in upholding their legitimate rights and interests and maintaining the multilateral trading rules and system. The US believes that as a hegemonist, it can hit whoever it wants and others have no reason whatsoever to defend itself. If the US clings to this logic, it is destined to travel alone and go further and further down the erroneous path.

 

 

问:从明天起,习近平主席将访问中东和非洲国家,你能否介绍一下此访具体日程?访问期间习主席还将出席金砖国家领导人会晤,请问会晤会讨论美国的贸易政策吗?

Q: Tomorrow, President Xi Jinping will start his visits to the relevant countries in the Middle East and Africa. Could you give us more details on the agenda of the visits? During the visits, President Xi will also attend the BRICS Summit. Will the US trade policy be discussed at the summit?

 

答:关于习近平主席将访问亚非五国并出席金砖国家领导人第十次会晤,外交部已于7月13日举行了中外媒体吹风会,外交部副部长孔铉佑和部长助理张军已经非常详细地介绍了有关情况,请你查阅。

 A: On July 13, the Foreign Ministry already held a briefing on President Xi Jinping’s upcoming visits to the five countries in Asia and Africa and his attendance at the 10th BRICS Summit, during which Vice Foreign Minister Kong Xuanyou and Assistant Minister Zhang Jun talked about the relevant issues in details. You may refer to that.

 

   金砖国家领导人约翰内斯堡会晤的主题是“金砖国家在非洲:在第四次工业革命中共谋包容增长和共同繁荣”。我们希望与南非以及有关各方一道,推动加强金砖国家的团结与合作,深化金砖国家战略伙伴关系;把握新工业革命的机遇,丰富务实合作内涵;高举多边主义旗帜,完善全球治理体系;加强机制建设,推动金砖合作行稳致远。我们相信,在金砖五国领导人的政治引领下,金砖国家将为世界和平与发展事业、构建新型国际关系作出新的积极贡献。我们期待这次金砖峰会在各方共同努力下,取得积极成果,取得圆满成功。

The theme of the BRICS Johannesburg Summit is “BRICS in Africa: Collaboration for Inclusive Growth and Shared Prosperity in the 4th Industrial Revolution”. We hope to work with South Africa and other relevant parties to step up solidarity and cooperation and deepen the strategic partnerships between BRICS countries, seize the opportunities presented by the new round of industrial revolution and enrich our practical cooperation, improve global governance system while championing multilateralism, and enhance institutional building to promote the steady development of the BRICS cooperation. We believe that with the political guidance of the leaders of the BRICS countries, we will be able to make greater positive contributions to world peace and development and the building of a new type of international relations. We also hope that with the concerted efforts of various parties, this BRICS Summit will reap fruitful outcomes and achieve a full success.

 

问:据报道,台湾陆委会主委陈明通正在华盛顿访问。他将在智库发表演讲并会见美国政府高官。这是台湾方面首次派出“内阁”级成员访美。中方对此有何回应?如果美方官员与其会见,中方将采取什么措施?

Q: Taiwan’s Mainland Affairs Council Minister Chen Ming-tong is in Washington. He is going to speak at a think tank and meet some US senior officials from the administration. It appears to be the first “cabinet-level” official from Taiwan to visit the US. What is your response to that? Will China do anything if US officials meet with him?

 

答:我们在美台交往问题上的立场是明确的、一贯的。中方坚决反对美台进行任何形式的官方往来,敦促美方恪守一个中国原则和中美三个联合公报规定,慎重处理台湾问题,以实际行动维护中美关系大局。

 A: Our position on the issue of exchanges between the US and Taiwan remains clear and consistent. We firmly oppose official interactions between the US and Taiwan in any form and urge the US to abide by the one-China principle and the three joint communiques, prudently handle the Taiwan issue and uphold the larger picture of the China-US relations with concrete actions.

 

问:据报道,缅甸第三次21世纪彬龙和平会议16日闭幕,各方就《联邦和平协议》中的14项条款达成共识。大会发表宣言称,将在2019年年底前至少再举行3次会议,就协议包含的所有必要根本原则达成一致。缅国务资政昂山素季称,会议对缅脆弱和平进程产生了至关重要的积极成果。中方对此有何评论?

Q: The third meeting of the 21st Century Panglong Conference concluded on July 16, with 14 points of agreement adopted as part of the Union Peace Accord. A statement of the conference was issued in which representatives pledged to hold at least three more meetings by the end of 2019 and reach agreement on all fundamental principles included in the accord. Myanmar State Counselor Aung San Suu Kyi said the meeting produced positive outcomes that are of vital importance to the fragile peace process. What is China’s comment?

 

答:中方祝贺缅甸第三次彬龙会议顺利闭幕,赞赏与会各方通过积极讨论协商达成共识。我们坚定支持缅甸推进全面包容的和平和解进程,将根据缅各方意愿,继续为缅甸和平、发展提供支持和帮助。

A: China sends its congratulations to the successful conclusion of the third meeting of the 21st Century Panglong Conference in Myanmar and commends the efforts by all participating parties to arrive at consensus through active discussions and negotiations. We firmly support Myanmar in advancing its peace and reconciliation process that is comprehensive and inclusive, and will continue to provide support and assistance to Myanmar’s peace and development endeavors in accordance with the will of all parties in Myanmar.

 

问:日本高中教科书计划将钓鱼岛列为“日本固有领土”,你对此有何回应?

Q: Japan is going to describe Diaoyu Dao as part of its territory in textbooks for high school students. What is your response?

 

答:钓鱼岛及其附属岛屿自古以来就是中国的固有领土,中方维护领土主权的决心和意志坚定不移。无论日方说什么、做什么,都不会改变钓鱼岛属于中国的事实。我们敦促日方正视历史和现实,以正确历史观教育年轻一代。

A: Diaoyu Dao and its affiliated islands have been an inseparable part of the Chinese territory since the ancient times. China’s determination and resolve to safeguard its territorial sovereignty are unwavering. Whatever the Japanese side may say or do, it will never change the fact that Diaoyu Dao belongs to China. We urge the Japanese side to face up to the history and the reality, and educate its younger generations with a correct way of understanding history.

 

  问:澳大利亚外长毕晓普日前表示,中国可能给太平洋岛国带来不可持续的债务负担。另外,澳大利亚安全机构反对华为承建所罗门群岛海底光缆、参与澳5G网络建设。中方对此有何回应?

Q: Australian Foreign Minister Julie Bishop said that China may be putting Pacific Island countries’ economies into unsustainable debt. Australia‘s security agencies have opposed Huawei’s participation in building the undersea cable in the Solomon Islands and its 5G network. What are your responses to these concerns?

 

答:关于你提到的澳大利亚外长的有关言论,已经不是一个新问题了。最近澳方个别官员和媒体也有过类似言论和炒作。

A: Regarding what you asked about the Australian Foreign Minister’s remarks, it is nothing new. Some Australian officials and media have also made similar remarks and hyping-up.

 

我非常想请问这些澳方官员:能不能举一个具体的例子来说明,到底哪个国家、什么时候、在哪些问题上是因为中国而产生了债务不可持续的问题。不能总是用“可能”这样的字眼进行无端猜测或作出先入为主、不负责任的臆断。

I would very much like to pose a question to these officials. Can they name one example with specific details as to where, when and how China caused unsustainable debt? Do they really think that they can simply count on using “maybe” to justify their groundless speculation, prejudgment and irresponsible accusations?

 

任何国家的经济起飞或者在工业化初期阶段都有巨大的资金需求,我们依据有关国家意愿,在力所能及范围内给予融资方面的支持,对于有关国家经济社会发展起到了雪中送炭的作用,受到了有关国家的一致肯定和欢迎。

Economic take-off and early stages of industrialization need to be supported by a large amount of capital. Our financing support in accordance with the recipient countries’ wishes has met their urgent needs in a timely fashion. The relevant countries all approve and welcome the assistance China has offered to the best of its capability.

 

我注意到,前段时间,不少太平洋岛国的官员和媒体都公开发声,对澳方有关错误言论进行了有力驳斥。比如,汤加司法大臣说:“澳指责中国帮助贫困和亟需帮助的太平洋岛国,这令人感到悲哀。”萨摩亚总理说:“澳官员的有关言论是对太平洋岛国领导人的侮辱,将会毁掉澳与太平洋岛国之间的友好关系。”瓦努阿图《每日邮报》曾发表社论指出:“北京与堪培拉最大的不同在于,北京善于倾听太平洋岛国领导人的心声,并且常常给予岛国最需要的帮助,是谁从中国建造的码头获益?是我们瓦努阿图人民!澳方应该多听听我们的呼声,因为我们生活在这片土地上。”该社论还表示:“澳有关官员在讲话之前应该三思,澳也许应该放下正在扔向中国的石头,首先从自己的错误中汲取教训。”我想这已经很能说明问题了。希望澳方能够正确客观地看待中国与太平洋岛国的关系,同中方一道真心诚意地去帮助岛国实现可持续发展。

In fact, many officials and media groups of the Pacific Island countries have publicly and forcefully refuted the wrong remarks of the Australian side. For example, Tonga’s Minister of Justice said that it is pathetic that Australia accuses China of supporting these poor Pacific Island countries in dire need of help. Samoan Prime Minister said that the Australian official’s remarks are quite insulting to the leaders of Pacific Island countries and will ruin friendly ties between Australian and the Pacific Island countries. Vanuatu’s Daily Post carried an editorial saying that “the main difference between Beijing and Canberra is that Beijing listens. China listens to what Pacific leaders want. Often enough, it gives the most wanted help. Who benefits from these Chinese wharves? We the people of Vanuatu! The Australian side might need to hear from us. We live here”. The editorial goes on saying that “the Australian side needs to think twice before speaking. It should stop throwing stones at China. It should first learn from its mistakes”. I believe their words already make everything clear. We hope that the Australian side could correctly and objectively view China’s relations with the Pacific Island countries and, with utmost sincerity, join our efforts to help the Pacific Island countries achieve sustainable development.

 

你提到澳安全机构反对华为承建所罗门群岛海底光缆、参与澳5G网络建设,我们对有关报道表示关切。中国政府一向鼓励中国企业按照市场原则和国际规则,在遵守当地法律的基础上开展对外投资合作。希望有关方面秉持客观和非歧视原则,为中国企业的正常商业活动提供公平的环境,多做有利于实现互利共赢的事情,而不是相反。

You mentioned that the Australian security agencies opposed Huawei’s participation in building undersea cable for the Solomon Islands and a domestic 5G mobile network for Australia. We are concerned about these reports. The Chinese government always encourages Chinese enterprises to follow market principles, international rules and local laws and regulations in their foreign investment and cooperation. We hope that the relevant party could observe the principles of objectivity and non-discrimination, level the playing field for Chinese enterprises’ normal business activities, and contribute to realizing mutual benefit, instead of the contrary.

 

问:13日,刚果(金)卫生部发表公报,宣布今年5月爆发的埃博拉疫情正式结束。中方对此有何评论?中方是否协助刚果(金)处置疫情?你能否介绍有关情况?

Q: On July 13, the Democratic Republic of the Congo’s Health Ministry issued an official statement, announcing an end to the latest outbreak of Ebola since May. What is your comment? Did China help the DRC in dealing with that? Can you give us more details?

 

答:刚果(金)卫生部宣布今年5月爆发的埃博拉疫情正式结束,是刚果(金)抗疫斗争取得的重大胜利,我们对此表示祝贺。

A: The announcement of the end to the latest outbreak of Ebola since May by the DRC’s Health Ministry marks a major victory in its fight against the epidemic. We send our congratulations to them.

 

此次疫情发生后,中方急刚方之所急,第一时间向刚方捐赠了防护服、口罩和手套等防疫物资,并向刚方提供了紧急人道主义援助。中方防疫专家组于6月初赴刚协助防控疫情,目前已圆满完成任务回国。

Since the latest outbreak of the epidemic, we have taken the DRC’s concerns as our own and immediately donated epidemic prevention supplies such as protective clothing, masks and gloves, and provided emergency humanitarian assistance to them. The Chinese medical team for prevention and control of the Ebola epidemic went to support the DRC’s efforts in early June and has returned to China after their mission was successfully completed.

 

中方的援助举措再次诠释了中刚和中非风雨同舟、患难与共的兄弟情谊,体现了中非是休戚与共的命运共同体,得到了刚果(金)政府和人民以及国际社会的积极评价。中方愿继续在中非合作论坛框架下,帮助包括刚果(金)在内的非洲国家加强公共卫生防控体系和能力建设,提升非洲国家应对重大传染性疾病挑战的能力。

China’s assistance once again testifies to the brotherhood between China and the DRC as well as Africa, which has carried us through weal and woe. It also showcases that China and Africa are a community with a shared future. China’s assistance is highly commended by the government and people of the DRC and the international community. Under the framework of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation, China stands ready to help the DRC and other African countries to strengthen their public health and disease prevention and control systems and enhance capacity building so that they can better address the challenges of major communicable diseases.