读懂新阶段，把握新机遇，发挥新角色
New Stage, New Opportunities, New Role
驻英国大使刘晓明在英国议会发表主旨演讲
Keynote Speech on the Belt and Road Initiative by H.E. Ambassador Liu Xiaoming at the British Parliament
2019年6月25日
25 June 2019
尊敬的英国议会跨党派“一带一路”和中巴经济走廊小组主席拉希德先生，
尊敬的各位议员，
女士们，先生们，
Mr. Faisal Rashid,
My Lords and MPs,
Ladies and Gentlemen:
大家下午好！
Good afternoon!
很高兴再次来到英国议会，就如何共建“一带一路”与各位议员交流。
It is a real delight to join you again at the Parliament and talk about “Belt and Road” cooperation.
近年来，“一带一路”是我与英国各界人士讨论最多的话题，也是在我各地演讲中出现频率最高的词汇。今年4月，中国成功举办第二届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛，取得283项成果。上周，胡春华副总理成功访英，与哈蒙德财政大臣共同主持第十次中英经济财金对话，成果丰硕，“沪伦通”是其中一大亮点。双方还签署了《关于开展第三方市场合作的谅解备忘录》，就深化“一带一路”项目融资、地方合作等达成一系列共识。
Over the past few years, “Belt and Road” Initiative (BRI) appeared most frequently in both my discussions with British friends and my speeches at various events around Britain. Last April, the second “Belt and Road” Forum for International Cooperation was successfully held in China. During the Forum, 283 outcomes were reached. Last week, Vice Premier Hu Chunhua of China paid a successful visit to the UK and co-chaired the tenth China-UK Economic and Financial Dialogue with Chancellor Hammond. Among the fruitful outcomes, the Shanghai-London Stock Connect is definitely a highlight. The two sides also signed an MOU on Third Market Cooperation, agreeing to deepen cooperation on BRI project financing and build closer sub-regional partnership.
这些天，我一直在思考一个问题，那就是中英双方如何推动两国“一带一路”合作更上一层楼？我愿从读懂新阶段、把握新机遇、发挥新角色三个视角，谈谈我对这一问题的思考。
Recently, what I have been thinking about most is: What more can we do to take China-UK cooperation on BRI to a new level? Now I would like to share with you my views from three perspectives: How do we understand the new stage of BRI development? How do we seize the new opportunities? What is our role?
中国古人说：“万物得其本者生，百事得其道者成。”第二届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛，为推动共建“一带一路”进入高质量发展新阶段指明了方向。那么，如何全面认识这个新阶段？我认为，首先要准确把握国际大势。
To begin, let me quote a Chinese adage. “With strong roots, plants will grow; With right approach, people will succeed.” The second “Belt and Road” Forum for International Cooperation charted the course for high-quality BRI. This marks a new stage in BRI development. How do we understand this new stage? In my opinion, the first step to understanding this new stage is to have an accurate judgment of the trend of the times.
当今世界正经历百年未有之大变局。新一轮科技、产业革命方兴未艾，全球经济格局和治理体系酝酿巨大调整，世界各国都在积极寻找发展新路径，探索改善全球经济治理新出路。另一方面，单边主义、保护主义思潮泛起，特别是某个西方大国无视经济全球化现实，为了“本国优先”，试图“开历史倒车”，屡屡采取单边霸凌主义，日益成为阻碍世界经济复苏、威胁国际局势安宁的不稳定之源。
The world is undergoing profound changes unseen in a century. This is highlighted by the new round of scientific, technological and industrial revolution, and the deep adjustment in the global economic landscape and governance. Against this background, countries in the world are actively exploring new paths for development and new ways to improve global economic governance. However, at the same time, unilateralism and protectionism are on the rise. In particular, economic globalization is ignored by its once leader, whose backpedaling and “us-first” approach has turn it into a unilateral bully in international trade and a source of instability hindering economic recovery and threatening the tranquility in the world.
在上述背景下，习近平主席提出的共建“一带一路”倡议，顺应了经济全球化的历史潮流，顺应了全球治理体系变革的时代要求，也顺应了各国人民过上更好日子的强烈愿望。倡议提出6年来，坚持和平发展、开放包容、互利共赢，已成为当今世界各国广泛参与的国际合作平台，131个国家和30个国际组织同中国签署了“一带一路”合作文件。如果把这一阶段比作“大写意”，那么新阶段就是深耕细作，绘制精谨细腻的“工笔画”。
BRI, which was proposed by President Xi Jinping, goes along with the historical trend of economic globalization, answers the call of our times for reform in the global governance system, and meets the strong aspiration of the people of all countries for a better life. In the past six years since it was proposed, BRI has followed the principles of peace, development, openness, inclusiveness and win-win cooperation. It has become a platform for international cooperation with extensive participation: 131 countries and 30 international organizations have signed documents with China on BRI cooperation. The past six years saw the blueprint for BRI sketched out. We could compare that to “freehand brushwork” in Chinese painting. Now, in the new stage of BRI development, it’s time to attend to the details of the blueprint with “fine brushwork”.
第一，合作的指针更加清晰。在新阶段，共建“一带一路”将把共商共建共享原则落到实处，推动各方各施所长、各尽所能，用生动实践积极倡导和维护多边主义。将坚持开放、绿色、廉洁理念，致力于构建开放型世界经济，保护我们赖以生存的地球家园，坚持一切合作都在阳光下运作。将努力实现高标准、惠民生、可持续目标，引入各方普遍支持的规则标准，为当地经济社会发展做出实实在在的贡献，做到善始善终、善作善成。
First, the guidelines will be clearer. In the new stage, BRI cooperation will focus on translating the principles of extensive consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits into concrete outcomes. This will need all participating parties to leverage their respective strengths. Through such cooperation, BRI partners will advocate and uphold multilateralism with concrete action. In the new stage, BRI cooperation will be open, green and clean. This means building an open world economy, protecting our planet that’s vital for human survival and ensuring project transparency. In the new stage, BRI cooperation will follow high standards, deliver more benefits to the people and increase sustainability. To achieve these goals, we must introduce broadly-endorsed rules and standards, make tangible contribution to local economic and social progress, and make sure that cooperation projects not only start well but also finish well.
有些人称“一带一路”倡议是中国版“马歇尔计划”，是中国搞地缘政治的工具，甚至千方百计阻挠其他国家参与。我认为，这完全是用你输我赢、零和博弈的冷战旧思维来看待“一带一路”这个新事物。共建“一带一路”是开放包容的经济合作倡议，不是要排挤谁、取代谁，更不是要关起门来搞地缘政治联盟或“中国俱乐部”。任何国家，都有参与的自由，但没有阻止他国参加的权利。任何国家，只要有意愿参与播撒合作的种子，都有机会收获发展的果实。
Some people regard BRI as China’s version of the “Marshall Plan”. They see it as a geopolitical tool and even dissuade other countries from taking part in BRI by every possible means. BRI is a new concept, but these people choose to look at it through the old prism of the “Cold War”. No wonder they come to the conclusion that this is a “zero-sum game” in which one party’s gain is another loss. The fact is BRI is an economic initiative that promotes open and inclusive cooperation. It is not aimed at excluding or replacing anyone, still less forming an exclusive geopolitical alliance or, in their words, “China club”. Anyone can join in. No one has the right to stop others from doing so. Countries willing to sow the seeds of cooperation would have the opportunity to harvest the fruit of development.
第二，合作的重点更加明确。在新阶段，共建“一带一路”，将以基础设施、创新发展、市场开放、金融支撑、普惠民生为五大重点行动方向。具体而言，通过建设高质量、可持续、抗风险、价格合理、包容可及的基础设施，夯实互联互通基石；通过深化智能制造、数字经济等前沿领域合作，为共建“一带一路”提供新动力；通过进一步促进贸易和投资便利化，旗帜鲜明反对保护主义，为各国发展构筑更广阔空间；通过更多多边和各国金融机构参与，共建“一带一路”多元化融资体系和多层次资本市场；通过开展各种形式的人文交流与合作项目，使共建“一带一路”惠及更多民生。
Second, the priorities will be in sharper focus. In the new stage, BRI cooperation will focus on reaching the following five goals: improving infrastructure, encouraging innovation, opening the market, providing financial support and delivering benefit to the people. In specific, Building infrastructure that is high-quality, sustainable, resilient, affordable, inclusive and accessible will cement the bedrock of connectivity. Deepening cooperation on frontier technology such as smart manufacturing and digital economy will provide new driving force for BRI development. Facilitating trade and investment and opposing protectionism will create a broader space for development. Bringing in more multilateral financial institutions and financial institutions from different countries will foster a diverse financing system and a multi-tiered capital market. Carrying out diverse forms of cultural cooperation and people-to-people exchanges will deliver the benefit of BRI to more people.
有些人指责中国实施“一带一路”项目是中国“一厢情愿”，最终把他国推入“债务陷阱”，这完全不符合事实。“一带一路”的项目都是中国与参与国共同商量确定的，根本不存在“谁强迫谁”、“谁陷害谁”的问题。目前中国同“一带一路”沿线国家共建了82个境外合作园区，累计上缴东道国税费20多亿美元，为当地创造就业岗位近30万个。中国绝不会凭借自身实力“霸凌”他国，绝不做凌驾于人的强买强卖。“一带一路”不是阻碍发展的“陷阱”，而是惠及世界的“馅饼”。
Some people claim that BRI only serves the interests of China while pushing other countries into the “debt trap”. This is completely groundless. BRI projects are joint decisions of China and other participating countries. They are not “imposed on anyone” or designed to “frame” any other country. As of today, China and countries along the BRI routes have set up 82 overseas cooperation parks. These parks have paid more than 2 billion dollars in tax and fees to host countries and created close to 300,000 jobs for the local communities. China would never use its strength to “bully” other countries or strong-arm anyone to do deals on its terms. BRI is not a “pitfall” that hinders development. BRI is a “pie” for everyone to share.
第三，合作的架构更加完善。在新阶段，共建“一带一路”正形成以高峰论坛为引领、各领域双多边合作平台为支撑的整体架构。这具体体现在“硬联通”和“软联通”两方面：一是推动中欧班列、陆海新通道、经贸产业合作园区、经济走廊建设等“硬联通”提质升级；二是为科学、教育、文化、卫生、民间交往等“软联通”提供机制保障。
Third, the structure will be improved. In the new stage, BRI development will follow the guidance of the “Belt and Road” Forum for International Cooperation and rely on the support of bilateral and multilateral platforms in different areas. Upgraded “hard connectivity” will be achieved through China Railway Express trains, new routes across land and over sea, economic and trade industrial cooperation parks, and economic corridors. Cooperation in the areas of science, education, culture, health care and people-to-people exchange will provide institutional guarantee for better “soft connectivity”.
不久前，有个别西方政客鼓吹中美“文明冲突论”。我认为，这是对历史悠久、兼收并蓄的中华文明缺乏了解，反映出这些政客的偏见、狭隘和无知。历史上，从驼铃声声到帆影幢幢，古丝绸之路有力推动了东西方文明交流互鉴，为促进人类文明开放融通、发展繁荣做出了重大贡献。以“文明冲突”这样的谬论来抹黑中国的进步，显然是别有用心。如果各国重返自我封闭的孤岛，人类文明就会丧失生机活力。共建“一带一路”，是对古丝绸之路精神的继承和发扬，通过搭建沟通和友谊的桥梁，以文明交流超越文明隔阂、以文明互鉴超越文明冲突、以文明共存超越文明优越。
Not long ago, some Western politicians clamored for “clash of civilizations” between China and the US. I think this is due to lack of understanding on the time-honoured and inclusive Chinese civilization. It reflects the bias, narrow-mindedness and ignorance of these politicians. One cannot help questioning the agenda behind the attempts to discredit China’s progress with the absurd theory of “clash of civilization”. If countries all retreat to their own isolated islands, human civilization would lose its dynamism. In history, the ancient Silk Road through deserts and across seas had greatly boosted the exchanges and mutual learning between Eastern and Western civilization. It was an important contribution to the openness, connectivity, development and prosperity of mankind. BRI carries on this spirit. It builds bridges for communication and friendship. It enhances exchanges to prevent misunderstanding. It promotes mutual learning to free the world from conflicts. It encourages co-existence over the sense of superiority of one civilization over the other.
女士们，先生们，
Ladies and Gentlemen:
今年是新中国成立70周年，也是中英建立代办级外交关系65周年。中英关系正站在新的历史起点上，双方合作潜力巨大、前景广阔。我在英国工作9年多，最大的感受就是中英各领域务实合作越来越密、越来越深，特别是“一带一路”合作日益成为中英关系“黄金时代”一张闪亮的名片。展望未来，我认为，中英推动高质量共建“一带一路”，需把握好三个新机遇：
This year marks the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China. It is also the 65th anniversary of the establishment of China-UK diplomatic relationship at the level of chargé d’affaires. China-UK relationship is standing at a new historical starting point. Our two countries face huge potential and promising prospects for cooperation. I have been working in the UK for more than nine years. My greatest impression during these years is that China-UK business cooperation across the board has been increasing and deepening. BRI cooperation, in particular, has become a highlight of the China-UK “Golden Era”. To ensure high-quality BRI cooperation, I think our two countries should seize the following three opportunities.
一是规则机遇。未来“一带一路”高质量发展将更加重视规则引领，将结合中国自身发展成功经验，借鉴国际普遍认可的规则标准，探索形成新的广泛共识和最佳实践。英国长期以来是国际规则领域的引领者，在制定国际贸易法律、规则、标准等方面有独特优势，中英在支持以规则为基础的多边贸易体制上有广泛共识和共同利益。未来中英可在开展第三方市场合作的实践中，在国际规则、标准的制定、推广等方面加强交流与合作，为“一带一路”高质量发展提供规则支撑。
First, the opportunity of rule-setting. High-quality BRI development needs to be guided by rules. China will combine its experience in development with universally-accepted rules and standards. We want to base BRI cooperation on rules that reflect the broadest consensus of BRI partners and form the best practice of BRI. The UK has been a world leader in regulatory expertise. It has unique advantages when it comes to the laws, rules and standards on international trade. China and the UK have broad consensus and common interests in supporting the rule-based multilateral trade system. Going forward, based on our cooperation in the third markets, our two countries can enhance exchanges and cooperation on the setting and application of international rules and standards. This could provide better regulatory support for high-quality BRI development.
二是创新机遇。未来“一带一路”高质量发展将更加突出创新驱动，把握数字化、网络化、智能化发展趋势，不断打造新的增长动能，探索新的发展路径。英国是工业革命的发源地，具有丰富的创新经验、独特的创新文化和强大的创新能力。在世界知识产权组织发布的2018全球创新指数（GII）排行榜上，英国稳居全球第四。中国也是创新大国，在GII排名年年攀升，2018年居第17位。中英可以进一步深化创新领域的合作潜力，共同为建设“数字丝绸之路”、“创新丝绸之路”添砖加瓦。
Second, the opportunity of innovation. To achieve high-quality BRI development, greater emphasis must be placed on innovation. Digital, cyber and smart technology will create new impetus for growth and open up new paths for development. The UK, as the cradle of the Industrial Revolution, has rich experience, unique heritage and strong capability in innovation. It is the fourth most innovative nation according to the Global Innovation Index (GII) 2018 by the World Intellectual Property Organization. China is also a leader in innovation. It has been increasing its GII ranking in the past years and reached the 17th place in 2018. China and the UK can certainly do more to tap our respective potential for cooperation on innovation, so as to make more contribution to a “digital and innovative Silk Road”.
三是融资机遇。未来“一带一路”高质量发展将更加坚持问题导向，努力解决好国际社会关心的金融支撑、风险管控等关键问题，为“一带一路”高质量发展营造良好条件。英国可充分发挥伦敦金融城优势，用好“沪伦通”等新渠道，积极参与“一带一路”项目投融资，并探索吸引更多私人部门资金参与“一带一路”建设，拓宽融资渠道、降低融资成本，实现“一带一路”可持续发展，为国际贸易和投资合作提供新动能。
Third, the opportunity of financing. In promoting high-quality development, no one should shy away from problems. On our part, China will do our best to address key issues that the international community cares about, such as project financing and risk management and control. Handling these issues well holds the key to fostering a sound environment for high-quality development. The UK can take an active part in the investment and financing of BRI projects by fully leveraging the strength of the City of London and new resources such “Shanghai-London Stock Connect”. The UK can also explore ways to attract more capital from the private sector and open up more sources and cut costs of financing, so as to ensure the sustainable development of BRI and provide new impetus for international cooperation on trade and investment.
女士们，先生们，
Ladies and Gentlemen:
“聚沙成塔，积水成渊。”共建“一带一路”需要汇群智、聚群力。长期以来，在座各位议员关注和支持中英关系，积极参与议会跨党派中国小组、“一带一路”和中巴经济走廊小组举办的各类活动，为中英“一带一路”合作贡献智慧和力量。展望未来，我希望各位议员朋友能一如既往地参与和支持中英“一带一路”合作，具体可扮演好三个角色：
Little drops of water make the mighty ocean. BRI development needs collective wisdom and concerted efforts of all partners. All of you present today have followed and supported China-UK relations. You have taken an active part in the events of the All Party Parliamentary China Group and the APPG for the Belt and Road Initiative and China-Pakistan Economic Corridor. Thank you for contributing your wisdom and efforts to China-UK cooperation on BRI. Going forward, I hope you would continue to take part in and support China-UK cooperation on BRI. In particular, I hope you could play an active role in the following three areas.
一是做规则合作的建设者。未来5年，中国将邀请共建“一带一路”国家的政党、智库、民间组织等1万名代表来华交流。各位议员在制定规则方面都是“专家”，我们期待与英国议会加强交流，希望大家积极支持和参与中英“一带一路”规则对话交流与合作，推动英在“一带一路”国际合作规则制定中发挥更大的建设性作用。
First, I hope you would be a contributor of China-UK cooperation on rule-setting. In the coming five years, China will invite 10,000 representatives from BRI partners for exchanges and discussions. They will represent political parties, think tanks and non-governmental organizations. We look forward to enhancing exchanges with the British Parliament. You are all experts in rule-setting. I hope you would actively support and take part in China-UK dialogues, exchanges and cooperation, and ensure that the UK plays a more constructive role in making the rules governing international cooperation on BRI.
二是做地方交往的推动者。我访问过英国很多地方，深切感受到中英“一带一路”合作离不开地方的参与和支持。各位议员来自英国不同选区。希望大家能结合各自选区需求，发挥各自选区优势，做好牵线搭桥，实现强强联手，推动更多“一带一路”合作项目在英落地生根、开花结果。
Second, I hope you would be a facilitator of China-UK sub-national exchanges. Having visited many places in Britain, I feel deeply that China-UK cooperation on BRI could not be possible without the participation and support of different regions. You represent different constituencies. I hope you would match BRI development with the needs of the regions and people you represent and leverage the strengths of both sides so that more BRI projects could take root and bear fruit in the UK.
三是做民心相通的促进者。国之交在于民相亲，民相亲在于心相通。中英“一带一路”合作最终目的是造福人民，最大动力也来自人民的支持和认可。希望各位议员向英国民众多讲中英“一带一路”合作的好故事，促进更多英国民众全面了解“一带一路”，有力支持“一带一路”。
Third, I hope you would be a promoter of people-to-people connectivity. People-to-people bond holds the key to state-to-state relations. The ultimate goal of China-UK cooperation on BRI is to deliver benefits to our people, and the strongest driving force for this cooperation is the support and recognition from our people. I hope you could tell the British people about the success stories of China-UK cooperation on BRI, so that more people in this country will have a comprehensive understanding of BRI and lend their strong support.
女士们，先生们，
Ladies and Gentlemen:
中国人常说，“喊破嗓子不如甩开膀子”。英国人也说，“言语是树叶，行动才是果实（Deeds are fruits，words are but leaves）”。“一带一路”不是“清谈馆”，而是“行动队”。“一带一路”追求的不是树叶，而是果实。随着共建“一带一路”迈入高质量发展新阶段，我们愿与英国各界人士一道，抓住新机遇，用好新机遇，化机遇为行动，变蓝图为现实，为中英关系“黄金时代”打造更多“黄金成果”，为中英两国人民和世界人民创造更多福祉！
The Chinese people often say, “Do not scream yourself hoarse, but roll up your sleeves.” In a similar spirit, the British people say, “Deeds are fruits, words are but leaves.” BRI is not a “talking shop”. It has a task force of partners that gets things done. BRI is result-oriented. It will bear fruits, not leaves. As BRI enters a new stage of high-quality development, China stands ready to work with British people from all walks of life to seize the new opportunities and take concrete actions to translate the blueprint into outcomes. Together we can contribute more “golden fruits” to the China-UK “Golden Era”, and deliver more benefits to the people of our two countries and of the whole world!
谢谢！
Thank you!
下面我愿回答大家的提问。
Now I would like to take your questions.