双语资料:世界经济需要大国负起责任
发布时间:2020年01月20日
发布人:nanyuzi  

世界经济需要大国负起责任

The World Economy Needs Major Countries to Take Responsibility

 

驻芬兰大使陈立

Ambassador Chen Li

 

2019829

29 August 2019

 

这几天,中美贸易战再次占据各大报刊、网站头条。23日,为回应美国对3000亿美元的中国输美商品加征关税,中国被迫对750亿美元的进口美国商品采取关税反制措施。美方没有反思自己的单边主义行径,反而采取进一步加剧贸易冲突的措施,宣布提高对约5500亿美元中国输美商品加征关税的税率,并命令美国企业撤出中国。之前,美国财政部还毫无根据地将中国列为“汇率操纵国”。这种单边、霸凌的贸易保护主义和极限施压行径,违背中美两国元首共识,严重破坏多边贸易体制和正常国际贸易秩序,更加充分暴露出美式贸易霸凌的蛮横和野蛮。

Recently, the trade war between China and the US has again dominated the media news headlines. On the 23rd, in response to the US tariff hikes on $300bn of Chinese imports, China was forced to take counter-measures to impose tariffs on $75bn of the US imports. Instead of reflecting on its own unilateral behavior, the US has taken steps to further aggravate trade conflicts, announcing higher tariffs on $550bn of Chinese imports and ordering the US companies to withdraw from China. Previously, the US Department of Treasury had unjustifiably labelled China as a “currency manipulator”. Such unilateral and bullying trade protectionism and extreme pressure actions go against the consensus reached by the leaders of China and the US, severely undermine the multilateral trading system and the normal international trade order, fully expose the insolence and barbarism of American trade bullying.

 

世界经济发展需要稳定的预期。作为10万亿美元量级的全球前两大经济体,中美本应携手合作,共同推动世界经济健康稳定发展。但美方出尔反尔、不负责任地不断升级中美经贸摩擦,违背市场经济规律和自由竞争规则,威胁全球产业链、供应链安全,危害全球经济秩序,害人害己。23日,美国三大股指及大宗商品价格大幅下跌,是市场的直接反应。最近国际货币基金组织下调2019年全球经济增长预期,将经贸摩擦列为了世界经济的主要下行风险之一。经合组织发布的最新世界经济展望报告预测,中美贸易摩擦激化或将导致2021年至2022年全球GDP损失近6000亿美元。芬兰的经济学家也指出,贸易战升级带来的不确定性对其他国家的间接影响甚至将大于美国,而对出口型经济的芬兰则是更甚。这几天,除了美国内各界人士纷纷批评美对华升级关税措施外,国际社会也纷纷对这种反复无常、极限施压的做法表达了担忧。在刚刚结束的G7峰会期间,法国总统马克龙、英国首相约翰逊及欧洲理事会主席图斯克等欧洲领导人纷纷呼吁避免贸易战进一步升级。

The world economy requires stable expectations. As the world’s top two economies worth over $10 trillion, China and the US should have worked together to promote the healthy and steady growth of the world economy. However, the US has gone against its words and irresponsibly escalated the trade frictions. Such actions violate the law of the market economy and the rules of free competition, threaten the global industrial chain and supply chain, jeopardize the global economic order, and eventually harm itself and others. On the 23rd, the three major US stock indexes and commodity prices fell sharply, which is a direct response from the market. Recently, the IMF lowered its forecast for global economy growth in 2019, citing economic and trade friction as one of the main downside risks to the world economy. The OECD’s latest World Economic Outlook report predicts that intensification of Sino-US trade friction might result in a loss of nearly $600bn in global GDP in 2021-2022. Finnish economists also pointed out that the indirect impact of uncertainty caused by the escalation of trade war will be even greater on other countries than on the US, and even greater on Finland with an export-oriented economy. In recent days, in addition to criticism from all walks of life in the US, the international community has also expressed concern about such behavior of capriciousness and extreme pressure. During the just-concluded G7 summit, European leaders, including French President Macron, British Prime Minister Johnson and President of the European Council Tusk, have all called for avoiding further escalation of the trade war.

 

美国绕开世界贸易组织争端解决机制、单边挑起经贸摩擦的行为,是对基于规则的国际秩序的破坏,势必将造成新的扭曲并产生新的世界经济结构性失衡,导致全球经贸秩序紊乱。美国的行为,损害了坚定支持、深度参与并受益于全球化的所有国家的利益,给全球化的未来带来灾难性影响。希望美国有些人多听听各界人士和国际社会的呼声,算清楚自身的利害得失,立即停止错误做法,早日回归正确轨道。

By bypassing the WTO dispute settlement mechanism and unilaterally provoking economic and trade frictions, the US is undermining the rule-based international order, which will inevitably lead to new distortion and structural imbalance in the world economy, causing further disorder for the global economy and trade order. The US acts at the expense of all countries that strongly support, participate in and benefit from globalization, with disastrous consequences for the future of globalization. We hope some in the US will listen more to the voices of American people as well as the international community, work out their own gains and losses, stop the wrong practices and return to the right track as soon as possible.

 

面对持续一年多的中美贸易摩擦,中国的立场是一贯的、明确的。贸易战没有赢家,中方不想打,不愿打。但如果有人打到家门口,我们必然奉陪到底。中方有信心、有决心、有能力应对各种挑战,绝不会屈从于外部压力。作为负责任的大国,不管外部环境如何变化,中国将坚定不移地深化改革开放,改善经济结构、投资和贸易环境,保持中国经济和外贸健康稳定发展,坚决维护世界经济秩序和多边贸易体制,坚决捍卫自身合法权益和国际社会共同利益,促进全球经济繁荣稳定。

In the face of Sino-US trade frictions lasting more than a year, China’s position is consistent and clear. There is no winner in the trade war. China is not willing to fight. But if someone beats us to the door, we will definitely fight back to the end. China has full confidence, determination and ability to cope with various challenges and will never bow to any external pressure. As a responsible country, no matter how the external environment changes, China will unswervingly deepen reform and opening up, improve the economic structure, investment and trade environment, maintain the healthy and stable development of China’s economy and foreign trade. We will resolutely safeguard the world economic order and multilateral trading system, firmly defend our legitimate rights, interests and the common interests of the international community, and promote the prosperity and stability of the global economy.