驻印度大使孙卫东接受印电视台专访
Chinese Ambassador to India H.E. Sun Weidong Gave Interview to CNBC-TV18
2020年8月28日
28 August 2020
2020年8月28日，驻印度大使孙卫东接受印度主要财经新闻频道（CNBC-TV18）专访，就当前中印关系、边境局势、两国经贸合作、中国经济和中美关系等回答记者提问。CNBC-TV18于当晚黄金时段在国际时事访谈栏目《全球视角》（Global Eye）播出，节选主要视频片段多次滚动播放并在网站刊发采访内容。答问主要内容如下：
On August 28th, 2020, Chinese Ambassador to India H.E. Sun Weidong gave interview to CNBC-TV18 on China-India relations, China’s position on boundary question, bilateral economic and trade cooperation, China’s economy and China-US relations. The main content of the interview is as follows:
一、印中关系正处于转折点。你对正在进行的双边关系“重置”有什么看法？这对双方伙伴关系的未来会有何影响？
Q: India-China relations are at a turning point. What do you feel about the reset that is underway and what will be the impact on the future of the partnership?
答：你提到伙伴关系，这是中印关系的基本定位。中方对中印关系的基本判断没有变。中印是伙伴而不是对手，是机遇而不是威胁。这是两国领导人达成的重要共识，应认真落实。如果仅凭一时一事，就把数千年友好邻邦当成“敌人”和“威胁”，这是一个误判。双方要相互尊重，相互支持，避免猜疑和误解，增进政治互信。
A: You are correct that you mentioned the partnership between China and India. That is exactly the basic orientation of our bilateral relations. China’s basic judgment on China-India relations remains unchanged. China and India are partners rather than rivals to each other, and opportunities rather than threats. This is an important consensus reached by the leaders of our two countries and should be earnestly implemented. It would be a miscalculation to treat a close neighbor for thousands of years as “enemy” or “threat” only by one issue or one incident. We should respect and support each other, avoid suspicion and misunderstanding, and enhance political mutual trust.
两国领导人达成的另一条重要共识是，妥善处理分歧，不让分歧上升为争端。我们应把边界问题放在双边关系的适当位置，不能任由分歧干扰双边关系。任何使矛盾扩大化、复杂化的做法无助于解决问题，对话谈判才是正道和出路。
Another important consensus agreed by our two leaders is to properly handle differences and not allow them to become disputes. We should put the boundary question at an appropriate place in our bilateral relations and not allow differences to disturb the relationship. Any action that enlarges and complicates the contradiction will not help solve the problem. In fact, dialogue and negotiation is the only right way out.
中印作为相邻的两个最大发展中国家的基本事实没有变，互为合作伙伴的方向没有变，谁也离不开谁的大格局没有变。我不认为中印关系存在“重置”问题。双边关系要向前走，而不要后退或逆转。中印不要互相消耗，更不应互相对立，而应相向而行，推动双边关系早日重回正轨。
The basic fact of China and India as the two largest neighboring developing countries remain unchanged. The orientation of China and India as partners remains unchanged. The general landscape that China and India are inter-dependent for common development remains unchanged. I don’t think there’s a “reset” in China-India relations. Our relationship should move forward, rather than backward or reverse. China and India should avoid mutual attrition, nor be opposed to each other. Instead, we should meet halfway to bring our relationship back on the right track at an early date.
二、自从6月15日冲突以来，印中一直通过外交和军事对话缓解紧张局势。据印官员称，脱离接触陷入停滞是由于中方军队在班公湖和贡嘎哨所的军事部署。印方认为脱离接触进程可能拖到冬季甚至更久。中国军队能否恢复5月5日前的现状？
Q: Since the 15th June clash, India and China have been talking at military and diplomatic levels to resolve tensions. According to Indian officials, disengagement has been stalled due to Chinese troop deployment at Pangong Tso and Gogra Post. Indian officials feel that disengagement may stretch to winter and beyond. Will Chinese troops restore status quo as existed before 5th of May?
答：加勒万河谷事件是一起不幸事件，是非曲直十分清楚。事件发生后，中印间的对话谈判渠道是畅通的。王毅国务委员兼外长分别同苏杰生外长、印方边界问题特别代表多瓦尔国安顾问通电话。双方举行了5轮军长级会晤，4次边境事务磋商和协调工作机制会议，双方现地部队一直保持着沟通。自6月15日以来，双方平均每周都要开会，可见非常重视。
A: The Galwan incident is an unfortunate one and its merits is very clear. The bilateral channels of communications between China and India are open and smooth after the incident. The dialogue and negotiations have been undergoing all the time. The Chinese State Councilor and Foreign Minister Mr. Wang Yi had telephone conversations with External Affairs Minister Dr. Jaishankar, and National Security Advisor and India’s Special Representative Mr. Doval respectively. We have held five rounds of Corps Commanders meetings and four rounds of meetings of Working Mechanism for Consultation and Coordination on China-India Border Affairs (WMCC). The troops on the ground have maintained communication. We had met every week on average since June 15, and both sides take it very seriously to address the issue.
通过对话谈判推动脱离接触，缓和局势，维护边境地区和平与安宁，这是双方的重要共识。当前现地局势总体可控，双方部队未再发生新的对峙。当然谈判需要一个过程，我们应继续保持对话谈判势头，推动边境局势进一步缓和降温，妥善处理剩余问题，共同维护边境地区的和平与安宁。
I think we have important consensus, that is to push forward disengagement and deescalation through dialogue and negotiations and maintain peace and tranquility in the border areas. The existing situation on the ground is under control on the whole and there is no fresh standoff between the two forces. Of course, negotiations are in process that takes time. We should keep the momentum of dialogue and negotiation, further de-escalate the border situation, properly handle the remaining issues, and jointly maintain the peace and tranquility along the border areas.
中方一直主张通过对话谈判，以和平方式解决边界争议。同时，维护自身主权和领土完整是每个国家的正当权利。这同扩张主义是两码事，扩张者的帽子扣不到中国头上。中印都是帝国主义和殖民主义的受害者，应该一起反对霸权主义、强权政治和扩张主义。
China always stands for peaceful settlement of boundary disputes through dialogue and negotiation. Meanwhile, it is the legitimate right of every country to safeguard its own sovereignty and territorial integrity. This is not the same thing as expansionism. China should not be labeled as “expansionist”. Both China and India are victims of imperialism and colonialism. We should work together to oppose hegemonism, power politics and expansionism.
三、印中能否推动边界问题早日解决？多年来，双方已经就边界问题举行多轮谈判，你认为双方能否一劳永逸地划线、勘界和定界?中方是否考虑采取此类行动？
Q: Can India and China work on early resolution of the boundary question? There have been several rounds of boundary talks over the years. Do you think it would be possible for the two sides to carry out delineation, demarcation and delimitation of the boundary once and for all. Is China considering any such move?
答：边界问题当然越早解决越好，但它是历史遗留问题，复杂敏感，解决起来需要耐心。双方应通过平等协商与和平谈判，寻求公平合理、双方都能接受的解决方案。
A: An early resolution of boundary question is the sooner, the better. However, the boundary question is left over from history, which is very complicated and sensitive. It needs patience to resolve. We should seek a fair, reasonable and mutually acceptable solution through equal consultation and peaceful negotiation.
自2003年成立中印边界问题特别代表会晤机制以来，双方确定了政治指导原则谈判、框架谈判和划界“三步走”路线图，2005年确立了通过富有意义的相互调整一揽子解决边界问题的基本原则，完成了“第一步”谈判。去年金奈非正式会晤期间，两位领导人对双方特代工作表示欢迎，并要求继续推进框架谈判。
Since the mechanism of the Special Representatives on the Boundary Question was established in 2003, we have worked out a “three-step” road map that is initially defining political parameters and guiding principles, followed by negotiating a framework agreement and finally completing border demarcation. In 2005, the first step was accomplished when both sides agreed to make meaningful and mutually acceptable adjustments, so as to arrive at a package settlement to the boundary question. During the informal summit last year in Chennai, our two leaders welcomed the work of the Special Representatives and urged them to continue their efforts to arrive at a mutually-agreed framework.
中方解决边界问题的政治意愿是真诚的，一直积极推进边界谈判，研究制定解决框架的谈判路线图，推进“早期收获”磋商。希望印方同样显示政治意愿，朝着解决边界问题的方向不断迈进。
China has a sincere political will to resolve the boundary question. We have been committed to actively advancing border talks, formulating road map for framework discussions, and pushing forward consultation on “early harvest”. We hope the Indian side would equally show political will and move forward towards the settlement of boundary question.
四、边界冲突以来，莫迪总理与习近平主席之间是否有过任何联系？接下来几个月有可能通话或会晤吗？在最近的紧张局势之后，是否会举行类似金奈或武汉式的会晤来指引关系？
Q: Has there been any contact between PM Modi and President Xi since the border clash. Is a phone conversation or meeting likely in the coming months? Could there be a Mahabalipuram or Wuhan type of summit to guide relations after the recent tensions?
答：领导人对双边关系的引领作用至关重要，不可替代。近年来，习近平主席和莫迪总理多次会面，体现出两位领导人对中印关系的重视。尤其是武汉和金奈两次非正式会晤，两位领导人就国际和地区的全局性、长期性、战略性问题进行深入坦诚沟通，为中印关系发展提供了根本遵循，指明了方向。
A: The leaders play an essential and irreplaceable role in guiding our relationship. In recent years, President Xi Jinping and Prime Minister Narendra Modi have met many times, which showcase the significance they attach to our bilateral relations. In particular, during the two informal summits in Wuhan and Chennai, our two leaders held in-depth and candid communication on overarching, long-term and strategic issues of global and regional importance, which provided the fundamental guidance and direction for the development of bilateral ties.
当前中印关系遇到困难，更加凸显传导落实领导人共识的重要性。我们不能因一时一事的困难，就打退堂鼓，甚至开倒车。双方工作层应继续不折不扣传导落实领导人共识，转化为行动，推动中印关系早日重回正轨。
The current difficulties we are facing in our bilateral relations have even highlighted the importance of transmitting and implementing the leaders’ consensus. We can not get cold feet or even back pedaling in face of temporary difficulties. More efforts need to be taken at working level to transmit and implement the leaders’ consensus and translate it into action in order to bring our ties back on track.
五、印度已决定不邀请中国公司参与5G试验。您对此有何回应？
Q: India has taken a decision on holding 5G trials without Chinese companies. What would be your reaction?
答：我不知道你所说的情况有什么根据。据了解，去年印电信署邀请包括华为在内的各国企业参与了印5G网络测试。
A: I wonder if you have official confirmation on this. What I learn is that last year the Department of Telecommunications (DOT) of India invited enterprises from various countries including Huawei to participate in 5G trials.
华为作为一家民营企业，在5G技术领域取得领先地位。但某个国家在拿不出任何事实根据和确凿证据的情况下，借口“国家安全”打压华为，阻碍正常市场合作和科技发展。这种霸权主义行径，违反市场规律和公平竞争原则，最终必将损害其自身利益和信誉。
As a private enterprise, Huawei has achieved a leading position in 5G technology. However, a certain country resorts to suppress a Chinese private company. It attempts to hinder normal market cooperation and scientific and technological development under the pretext of “national security” even without any factual basis and concrete evidence. Such kind of hegemonic actions violate the rules of the market and the principle of fair competition, and it will eventually damage its own interests and credibility.
华为在印经营20年，为当地创造了大量就业，促进了印电信市场的充分竞争，使电信运营商和消费者能够享受到质量优良、价格合理的产品和服务。华为在印运营从未发生任何安全问题，还曾主动提出与印方签署“无后门”协议。希望印能够做出独立、公正的正确判断，为中国企业投资经营提供公开、公正、透明、非歧视性的营商环境。
Huawei has been operating in India for 20 years. It has created a number of local jobs, promoted sufficient competition in India’s telecommunications market, and provided high-quality and low-cost products and services to Indian telecom operators and consumers. Huawei has never had any security issue in its operations in India. Furthermore, Huawei is ready to enter into a “no-back-door” agreement with India. We hope India can make an independent, fair and right judgment in this regard and provide an open, fair, transparent and non-discriminatory business environment for Chinese enterprises to invest and operate in India.
六、印政府说在实控线的对峙解决前，中印无法回归正常的商业合作。近期，印度政府封禁了50个中国手机应用程序，并考虑禁止中国参与印基础设施项目，计划减少从中国进口。您对印方正在进行的对华经济“脱钩”有何看法？
Q: According to the Indian government there cannot be business as usual till the LAC standoff is resolved. Indian government recently banned 50 Chinese apps and is considering stopping Chinese participation in infrastructure projects. There are plans to reduce imports from China. What do you feel about the larger economic decoupling that is underway?
答：中方认为将边界问题与双边正常合作挂钩是没有道理的。我注意到印方也有一些理性声音指出，相关的限制性做法既不现实，也有损印利益，最终可能导致双输。
A: We believe it is unreasonable to link boundary question with normal bilateral cooperation. I have noted there are emerging rational voices in India pointing out that such restrictive practices are both unrealistic and harmful to India’s interests, and may eventually lead to a lose-lose situation.
中印经贸合作是互利共赢的。中国对印投资拉动了印度经济发展，为当地创造大量就业。全球化时代，包括中印在内的世界各国相互依存，相互融合，已形成“你中有我、我中有你”的格局。我认为中印这两大经济体应该像磁铁一样相互吸引，而不是人为排斥，更不应该“脱钩”。
China-India economic and trade cooperation is mutually beneficial with win-win results. China’s investment in India has contributed to India’s economic development and created a large number of local jobs. In the era of globalization, countries in the world, including China and India, are interdependent and integrated with each other, forming a pattern “where everyone has a stake”. I think the two major economies of China and India should attract each other like magnets, rather than forcefully be separated or even “decoupled” from each other.
打压封闭限制对发展没有益处，开放公平透明才能更好融入全球合作。印方针对中国采取歧视性限制举措，中国企业固然受损，印度消费者和企业员工同样吃亏，对我们两家都没有好处。希望印方改变相关做法，对各国来印投资企业和服务提供者一视同仁，营造一个开放、公平、公正的营商环境。
Suppression, self-seclusion and restrictions are not good for development. Only by being open, fair and transparent can we better integrate into global cooperation. Though the discriminatory restrictions do hurt Chinese companies, but the Indian consumers and employees suffer too. It does no good to either of us. We hope that India will change its relevant practice and treat every enterprise and service provider from various countries equally, so as to create an open, fair and equitable business environment for all.
七、中国经济今年第二季度增长了3.2%，应该与中国全面推进复工复产和基础设施投资建设有关。中国经济复苏对中国和世界意味着什么？在全球需求低迷之际，中国下一步推动经济复苏将采取哪些举措？
Q: China’s economy grew by 3.2 percent in April-June quarter, this was driven by a recovery from COVID-19 and investments in infrastructure. What does this mean to China and the world? Tell us about China’s next steps in economic recovery at a time when global demand is depressed?
答：中国是此次疫情中率先实现经济复苏的大国，中国经济彰显出强大韧性和发展潜力。7月规模以上工业增加值同比增长4.8%，连续4个月同比正增长；货物贸易出口增长10.4%。网络销售、互联网教育、在线医疗等快速发展，1至7月实物商品网上零售额同比增长15.7%。
A: China is the first major economy to return to growth since the pandemic. Our economy shows strong resilience and great potential. In July, industrial added value above designated size was up by 4.8% year-on-year, with positive growth for 4 consecutive months; exports of goods rose by 10.4%. Online sales, education and medical services have developed rapidly. From January to July, online retail sales increased by 15.7%.
中国经济如同一台强有力的发动机，为全球产业链供应链稳定作出了重要贡献，为世界经济复苏注入了信心和动能。我注意到印商工部日前发布了一组数据，今年4至7月，受疫情影响，印总体出口下降，但对华出口却同比增长近31%，对华出口在印总出口额占比提升至9.71%，几乎翻倍。这再一次说明，一个开放和充满活力的中国对印度意味着巨大机遇。
China’s economy, like a strong engine, has made important contributions to the stability of global industrial supply chains, injecting confidence and momentum into the recovery of world economy. I noticed that the Ministry of Commerce and Industry of India recently released monthly trade data, which showed from this April to July, India’s overall exports declined due to COVID-19. However, India’s exports to China increased by nearly 31 percent, the share of exports to China in its total exports climbed to 9.71 percent, which almost doubled. This once again shows that an open and vigorous China means huge opportunities for India.
在当前外部环境下，中国将发挥国内超大规模市场优势，加快形成以国内大循环为主体、国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局。这样的新发展格局决不是封闭的国内循环，而是开放的国内国际双循环。我们要以科技创新催生新发展动能，以深化改革激发新发展活力，以高水平对外开放打造国际合作和竞争新优势。
In the face of current international situation, China will take advantage of its huge domestic market, form a new development pattern centered on “internal circulation”, and speed up a “dual circulation” growth model in which domestic and foreign markets can boost each other. This new pattern is by no means a closed but an open circulation. We will create new growth momentum through scientific and technological innovation, spur new vitality by deepening reform, and foster new advantages of international cooperation and competition with high-level opening up.
中国同世界经济的联系会更加紧密，成为吸引国际商品和要素资源的巨大引力场。世界银行7月底一份报告显示，中国营商环境排名从2018年的第78位跃升至2020年的第31位。中国商务部近期一项问卷调查显示，超过99%的外资企业表示将继续在华经营。中国将坚持推动和引领经济全球化，继续为各国提供更多市场机遇、投资机遇、增长机遇，推动世界经济早日走出衰退，实现平稳复苏。
China will be more closely linked with the world economy, and attract more international commodities and resources. According to a report issued by the World Bank last month, China’s business environment ranking leaped from the 78th in 2018 to the 31st in 2020. The Ministry of Commerce of China recently conducted a survey, which shows more than 99% of foreign enterprises will continue to operate in China. China will continue to promote and lead economic globalization, provide more market opportunities, investment opportunities and growth opportunities, help the world economy step out of recession at an early date and achieve a stable recovery.
八、美国指责中国在南海和中印边境采取“侵略”举措，请问中美是否有望缓解两国贸易和战略紧张态势？
Q: US has targeted China for aggression in South China Sea and at the Indian border. How hopeful is China about reducing trade and strategic tensions with the USA?
答：近期，美国一些政客接连抛出种种谬论，欺骗国际舆论，单方面挑起事端，对此国际社会有目共睹。中国政府已经全面阐明了中方立场，予以坚决回应，坚定不移维护国家主权安全发展利益，坚定不移维护和稳定中美关系。中方始终愿本着不冲突不对抗、相互尊重、合作共赢精神，与美方共同构建一个协调、合作、稳定的中美关系。希望美方同中方相向而行，摒弃冷战思维和零和博弈的错误行径，推动中美关系回到健康稳定发展的轨道。
A: Recently, some politicians in the US have kept making groundless remarks against China, tried to misguide international public opinion, and chosen unilaterally to be provocative. This is clear to the international community. In response, the Chinese Government has expounded its position comprehensively and reacted resolutely to firmly defend China’s sovereignty, security and development interests and safeguard and stabilize China-US relations. We are always ready to develop a China-US relationship featuring no conflict, no confrontation, mutual respect and win-win cooperation based on coordination, cooperation and stability. We hope the US will meet China halfway, abandon its Cold War mentality and zero-sum game approach, and bring China-US relations back to the track of sound and steady development.
长期以来，中美两国通过优势互补、互利合作，形成相互融合的利益共同体。美国企业在华投资兴业累计已超过7万家，年销售额达7000亿美元，其中97%都是盈利的。即使在中美贸易摩擦和新冠肺炎疫情影响下，绝大多数美国企业仍希望继续留在中国，并且逆势扩大对华投资。希望美方停止打压中国企业的霸凌行为，重回开放与合作的正道。
Mutually beneficial cooperation over the years have turned China and the US into a community with shared interests. Over 70,000 American businesses have made investment in China with a total sales volume of US$700 billion. Among them, 97% are making a profit. Even with the trade friction and COVID-19, the vast majority of American companies in China still want to stay and are doubling down on investment in China. We hope the US stop suppressing and bullying Chinese companies and return to the right track of openness and cooperation.
在南海问题上，中方从未扩大自己的主权声索，始终坚持在尊重历史事实的基础上，根据国际法，通过谈判协商解决与邻国的领土和海洋权益争议。无论是南海问题，还是中印边界问题，我们都致力于通过对话解决争端，维护地区和平稳定，不接受域外国家指手画脚、挑拨生事。
On the South China Sea, China never expanded sovereign claims, and has been committed to negotiation and consultation to settle the territorial and maritime disputes with neighboring countries based on international law and the respect for historical facts. Whether it is the South China Sea issue or China-India boundary question, we have been committed to settling disputes through dialogue and keeping the region peaceful and stable. We don’t accept countries outside the region pointing fingers and making instigation.