双语:中国新发展,世界新机遇
发布时间:2021年01月07日
发布人:nanyuzi  

中国新发展,世界新机遇

China’s New Development Opens up New Opportunities for the World

 

唐锐代办

Chargé d’Affaires Tang Rui

 

2020年12月17日

17 December, 2020

 

关注中国的人对“五年计划”或“五年规划”应不会感到陌生。对经济社会发展进行顶层设计是中国治国理政的重要方式,也成就了中国发展的一座座里程碑。从1953年至今,中国已制定和实施了十三个“五年计划”或“五年规划”。一个又一个的五年,见证了新中国的发展历程。2020年10月,中国共产党十九届五中全会顺利召开,审议通过了《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十四个五年规划和二〇三五年远景目标的建议》,全面总结了过去5年中国发展成就,并为未来5年至15年中国的发展擘画宏伟蓝图。

Those who have been following China’s development should be familiar with China’s Five-Year Plan (FYP), which is part of China’s top-level policy design to guide its overall economic and social development, securing China steady and immense progress in its course of development since its initiation in 1953. By far, China has formulated and implemented thirteen Five-Year Plans, a good witness of China’s progressive development into a modernizing country. The 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) concluded its fifth plenary session in October 2020, which approved “The 14th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development and the Long-Range Objectives Through the Year 2035”. It has made a comprehensive summary of China’s past 5 years overall achievements and set a new blueprint its next 5 to 15 years development.

 

过去五年,面对错综复杂的国际形势、艰巨繁重的国内改革发展稳定任务,习近平主席带领中国各族人民,砥砺前行、奋发有为,全面建成小康社会取得了决定性成就。这五年,中国经济突飞猛进。GDP总量接近100万亿元人民币,人均GDP迈上1万美元台阶,对世界经济增长贡献率约达30%。这五年,脱贫攻坚创造奇迹。2016年至今有5515万贫困人口实现脱贫,目前全国832个贫困县全部脱贫,今年底将历史性地消灭绝对贫困。这五年,人民生活更加幸福。全民基本医保参保超过13亿人,覆盖面在95%以上。这五年,中国坚定走生态优先、绿色发展之路,成为全世界污水处理、垃圾处理能力最大的国家。这五年,中国坚定扩大对外开放,与138个国家和30个国际组织签署200份共建“一带一路”合作文件,并不断优化外商营商环境,已连续两年跻身全球营商环境改善最快的前10个经济体之列。

The past five years have seen intermittent international turbulence and demanding domestic tasks. Against this backdrop, Chinese people have made a decisive victory in achieving comprehensive moderate prosperity under President Xi Jinping’s leadership. During the last five years, China has made tremendous progress in its economic development, with its total GDP nearing 100 trillion RMB and GDP per capita exceeding US$10,000. China’s development made contribution to 30% of the world’s economic growth. We also witnessed a miracle in China’s national poverty alleviation. China has helped a total of 55 million people and 832 counties working their way above the poverty line since 2016. By 2020, China has eliminated absolute poverty which has been a biting and lingering pain to Chinese people. More than 1.3 billion people (above 95% of China’s whole population), including the ones in rural and remote areas are covered by the government’s nationwide basic medical insurance system. China has been committed to environment protection and green development, boasting the largest sewage and waste treatment capacity in the world. During the last five years, China has been steadfast in carrying out its opening-up policy. The Belt and Road Initiative alone has embarked numerous cooperation with 138 countries and 30 international organizations. Besides, China continues to make great efforts in providing a foreign business-friendly environment. For two consecutive years, China is listed as one of the top 10 countries in making the fastest improvements in improving foreign investment environment.

 

随着“十三五”收官,中国已转向高质量发展阶段,但发展不平衡不充分问题仍然突出,重点领域关键环节改革任务依然艰巨。第十四个五年规划和2035年远景目标具有承前启后的重要历史意义,核心要义体现在三个“新”上。

With the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan drawing to an end, China has shifted its development focus from quantity to high quality. Yet, imbalance and inadequacy still exist, and the task of reform in key areas and core links remains arduous. The goals of the latest mid to long term development plan are of historical significance with 3 “NEW”s being the core.

 

第一个“新”是新发展阶段。2021年中国将开启全面建设社会主义现代化国家新征程,进入全新的发展阶段。根据规划,到2035年中国经济实力、科技实力、综合国力将大幅跃升,人均国内生产总值达到中等发达国家水平。

The first “NEW” is the new stage of development. From 2021 onwards, China will embark on a new journey to fully build a modern socialist country and enter a new stage of development. According to the goals set, China’s economy, science and comprehensive national strength will rise to a new level by the year 2035. GDP per capita will reach the same level as that of a moderately developed country.

 

第二个“新”是新发展理念。中国将坚定不移贯彻创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的新发展理念。创新成为发展的第一动力,协调成为发展的内生特点,绿色成为发展的普遍形态,开放成为发展的必由之路,共享成为发展的根本目的。中国的发展,将把促进共同富裕摆在更加重要的位置上,让中国人民过上更好、更有奔头的日子。

The second “NEW” is the new development concept. China will pursue innovative, coordinated, green, open and inclusive development. Innovation is the driving force for development. Coordination is the inherent character of healthy development. Green is the common format of sustainable development. Openness is the chosen road through which to further development. Inclusive development means that the fruits of development are to be shared by all. All in all, with common prosperity as priority, China is dedicated to providing a better life to all Chinese people.

 

第三个“新”是新发展格局。中国将加快构建以国内大循环为主体、国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局。新发展格局不是封闭的国内循环,而是开放的国内国际双循环,是更大范围、更宽领域、更深层次对外开放。中国将坚持实施依托国内大市场优势,促进国际合作,实现互利共赢。

The third “NEW” is the new development pattern. China will quicken the pace to establish a new development pattern that will nurture a strong domestic market, with an emphasis on domestic circulation and at the same time letting the domestic circulation and international one reinforce each other, spurring investment and consumption in an all-round way. Rather than closing its doors, China will further the opening-up and leverage the advantages of its huge market to further promote international cooperation with win-win results.

 

世界正经历百年未有之大变局,国际上出现了令人瞩目的逆风逆水现象,逆全球化和保护主义沉渣泛起,新冠疫情全球蔓延,全球供应链和价值链重组,不稳定性和不确定性明显增加,各国抗疫情、稳经济、保民生之路任重道远。但无论在疫情期间,还是在后疫情时代,在世界经济增速大幅下滑、主要经济体表现普遍低迷的情况下,中国经济将成为世界经济复苏的主要支撑。世界银行发布报告预测,2020年中国经济增速将达2%,是全球唯一实现正增长的主要经济体,2021年中国经济增速将高达7.9%。放眼本地区,今年上半年,中国与东盟进出口总值逆势增长5.6%,东盟第一次成为中国最大贸易伙伴,未来合作前景看好。强劲复苏的中国经济,必将为东盟乃至地区经济复苏和增长提供强大动力。

With unprecedented changes taking place, the world is mired by instability and uncertainty due to the rise of deglobalization and protectionism, worsened by the COVID-19 pandemic. All countries are working around the clock to combat the pandemic, stabilize their economies and protect their people’s livelihood. Despite the global slowdown and the bleak performance of major economies, China has become a major and most reliable force in maintaining and recovering world economy with its immense and steadfast contribution to world economy and its consistent adherence to open market and globalization. World Bank forecasted that China’s economy would increase 2% in 2020 and it would be the only major economy in the world to achieve positive growth in 2020. China’s economy is tipped to grow 7.9% in 2021. In the first half of 2020, China’s total imports and exports with ASEAN rose by 5.6%. ASEAN has since become China’s largest trading partner and the prospect of future cooperation is promising. The robust economic recovery of China has provided all ASEAN countries with a strong impetus for their economic recovery and growth.

 

开放的中国将为世界提供庞大市场机遇。中国有14亿人口,中等收入群体超4亿,是全球最具潜力的大市场。世界贸易组织数据表明,今年1至7月,中国进口在国际市场份额为11.3%,同比提升0.8个百分点。预计未来10年中国将进口超过22万亿美元的外国商品。上个月,第三届中国国际进口博览会在上海成功举办,来自124个国家和地区的2000多家企业达成合作意向861项,累计意向成交726.2亿美元,比上届增长2.1%,体现了中国主动向世界开放市场、推动世界经济复苏的真诚愿望。中国将不断激发巨大的国内市场潜力,同时通过进一步加大对外开放,必将使包括东盟国家在内的世界各国共同分享中国发展的更多机遇。

China’s further opening-up will provide a huge market opportunity for the whole world. China has a population of 1.4 billion people with more than 400 million being in the middle-income group. It is a huge market with great potential. According to the World Trade Organization (WTO), from January to July this year, China’s share of global imports was 11.3%, having an increase of 0.8% from that of last year. It is estimated that China will import more than US$22 trillion worth of goods in the next 10 years. The 3rd China International Import Expo which was held in Shanghai last month saw more than 861 deals worth US$72.62 billion signed by over 2,000 corporations from 124 countries, 2.1% higher than that of the previous year expo. This once again has shown China’s sincerity in opening up its market to the world and its strength in helping the global economic recovery. China will keep on digging on its potential of the huge domestic market and uphold its commitment of further opening-up to the world that could enable all countries, especially ASEAN countries, to benefit from its inclusive development.

 

发展的中国将为世界提供更多投资。近年来中国对外投资呈快速增长势头。2019年中国对外直接投资1369.1亿美元,占全球比重达10.4%。即便面临疫情冲击,今年上半年中国对“一带一路”有关国家非金融类对外直接投资达81.2亿美元,同比逆势增长19.4%。其中对东盟国家投资62.3亿美元,同比大增53.1%。有研究机构估计,未来中国“一带一路”长期累计投资将达4万亿至8万亿美元。随着“一带一路”深入推进,东盟国家的区位优势和经济发展潜力将更加凸显,中国投资将为东盟国家创造更多就业机会,提供更多产业结构升级契机,助力地区经济融合发展。

China’s development will bring more investments to the world. China’s outbound direct investment has increased steadily in recent years, topping US$136.91 billion in 2019, accounting for 10.4% of the global share. Despite the impact of the pandemic, non-financial outbound investment in countries of the Belt and Road Initiative increased 19.4% to US$8.12 billion in the first half of 2020. Investments in ASEAN countries have jumped 53.1% to US$6.23 billion. According to an estimate, Belt and Road Initiative’s total investment in the long term will hit US$4 trillion to US$8 trillion. With the Belt and Road Initiative unfold step by step, ASEAN countries can prosper more due to their geographical and economic potential advantage. Apart from creating more job opportunities, China’s overseas investments will help ASEAN countries to upgrade their industrial structure and help to accelerate the regional economic integration.

 

中国谚语说“独行快,众行远”。马来西亚谚语说“Bersatu teguh, bercerai roboh”(团结就是力量)。中国的发展离不开世界,世界的繁荣也需要中国。中国是多边主义的坚定拥护者和支持者。前不久,包括中国和马来西亚在内的15个国家正式签署《区域全面经济伙伴关系协定》(RCEP),为增强亚太地区供应链韧性、释放亚太地区经贸活力及时注入强心针。上个月,习近平主席宣布中国将积极考虑加入全面与进步跨太平洋伙伴关系协定(CPTPP)。今年9月,习近平主席宣布中国“力争2030年前二氧化碳排放达到峰值,努力争取2060年前实现碳中和”。12月12日,习近平主席在气候雄心峰会发表讲话,进一步作出“到2030年,中国单位国内生产总值二氧化碳排放将比2005年下降65%以上,非化石能源占一次能源消费比重将达到25%左右”等庄严承诺,体现了中国作为负责任大国在国际事务上的担当。

Same as a popular Chinese saying, “If you want to go fast, go alone. If you want to go far, go together”, there’s also a Malay proverb, which says “Bersatu teguh, bercerai roboh” (unity is strength). China’s development cannot be successful without the support of the international community, and vice versa is also true, the world’s economy cannot prosper without China’s participation. China has always been a sturdy advocate of multilateralism. Recently, 15 countries including China and Malaysia have signed the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP), which will help to strengthen the supply chain and boost the economy of the Asia-Pacific region countries. Last month, President Xi Jinping announced that China would consider joining the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP). In September this year, President Xi announced that China aims to “peak carbon dioxide emissions before 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality before 2060”. Then, at the Climate Ambition Summit 2020 on 12 December, President Xi further announced that China would “lower its carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by over 65% from the 2005 level and increase the share of non-fossil fuels in primary energy consumption to around 25%”. These commitments clearly showed to the world that China is a responsible stakeholder who always keeps its promise.

 

中国将始终高举和平、发展、合作、共赢旗帜,恪守维护世界和平、促进共同发展的宗旨,致力建设开放型世界经济,推动构建人类命运共同体,愿同包括马来西亚在内的各国共享全球化发展机遇与成果,携手应对风险挑战,为地区和世界和平发展作出积极贡献,共同创造人类更加美好的明天!

Adhering to the principles of peace, development, cooperation and mutual benefit, China is committed to maintaining world peace and seeking inclusive development. It will strive to build an open world economy and a community of common destiny for all mankind. Hand in hand, China will work with Malaysia and other countries to share the opportunities and benefits, and also to overcome challenges and difficulties, make more contribution to maintaining peace and development in both the region and the world.