中国发展新蓝图给世界带来新机遇
A New Blueprint for China’s Development Brings the World New Opportunities
驻冰岛大使金智健在冰岛《晨报》发表署名文章
Morgunblaðið Publishes A Signed Article by Ambassador Jin Zhijian
2020年12月7日
7 December 2020
近日，中国共产党第十九届中央委员会第五次全体会议审议通过了关于国民经济和社会发展第十四个五年规划和二〇三五年远景目标的建议，对中国未来5年的发展作出全面规划，并为未来15年的发展勾勒了蓝图。
At its recently concluded Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee, the Communist Party of China (CPC) deliberated on and adopted the “CPC Central Committee’s Proposals for the Formulation of the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-2025) for National Economic and Social Development and the Long-Range Objectives Through the Year 2035”. It has set forth a comprehensive plan for China’s development in the coming five years, and outlined the blueprint for the development of the next 15 years.
“五年规划”是中国共产党治国理政的一种重要方式，也是外界了解中国经济社会发展的有效途径。2020年是“十三五”规划的收官之年，中国将全面建成小康社会，消除绝对贫困。2021年中国将进入新发展阶段，开启全面建设社会主义现代化国家的新征程。展望未来五年，中国即将实现“六个新”发展目标：经济发展取得新成效，改革开放迈出新步伐，社会文明程度得到新提高，生态文明建设实现新进步，民生福祉达到新水平，国家治理效能得到新提升。放眼2035年，中国将基本实现社会主义现代化，经济实力、科技实力、综合国力将大幅跃升，关键核心技术实现重大突破，建成现代化经济体系，基本实现国家治理体系和治理能力现代化，国家文化软实力显著增强，广泛形成绿色生产生活方式，形成对外开放新格局，人均国内生产总值达到中等发达国家水平，人民生活更加美好。
The Five-Year Plan is an important way for the CPC to govern the country and an effective way for the outside world to understand China’s economic and social development. 2020 is the last year for the implementation of the 13th Five-Year Plan. This is the year when China will have completed the building of a moderately prosperous society in all aspects and eliminated absolute poverty. In 2021, China will enter a new development stage and embark on a new journey of building a modern socialist country in all aspects. The14th Five-Year Plan sets the targets for China’ development for the next five years in six new areas: new results in economic development, new strides in reform and opening-up, new improvement in social etiquette and civility, new progress in building an ecological civilization, new heights in people’s wellbeing, new levels of efficacy in state governance. By 2035, China will have basically achieved socialist modernization. China’s economic, technological and composite national strength will have increased significantly. Major breakthroughs will have been made in key core technologies. A modernized economy will have been fully developed. The modernization of China’s system and capacity for governance will have been basically realized. China’s cultural soft power will have grown even stronger. Eco-friendly ways of work and life will have been advanced to cover all areas of society. The opening-up will have reached a new stage. The per capita GDP will reach the level of moderately developed countries. People will lead a better life.
根据规划，中国将积极构建以国内大循环为主体、国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局，推动高质量发展。在新发展格局下，中国市场潜力将充分激发，为世界各国创造更多机遇。中国人均国内生产总值已达1万美元，中等收入人口超过4亿，中国人民对美好生活的追求将对来自世界各地高品质的产品、技术、服务产生更多需求。尽管受到疫情冲击，中国经济发展稳中向好，长期向好的基本面没有改变，中国今年国内生产总值将超过100万亿元人民币（约合14.5万亿美元），有望成为唯一实现正增长的主要经济体。预计到“十四五”末，中国经济将达到现行的高收入国家标准，2035年实现经济总量或人均收入翻番是完全可能的。
According to the Plan, China will foster a new development paradigm with domestic circulation as the mainstay and domestic and international circulations reinforcing each other, and help boost the high-quality development. The new development paradigm will enable China to fully unlock its market potential and create greater demand for other countries. China’s per capita GDP has topped US$10,000, and its middle-income population has exceeded 400 million. As China’s economy grows, our people naturally want to lead an even better life. This will create more demand for a greater variety of quality products, technologies and services from across the world. Despite the damage inflicted by COVID-19, the fundamentals sustaining China’s steady and long-term economic growth remain unchanged. This year, China’s GDP will exceed 100 trillion RMB Yuan (or 14.5 trillion US dollars), and China is expected to be the only major economy to grow in 2020. By the end of the 14th Five-Year Plan period, China’s economy is expected to reach the current level of high-income countries. Hence it is certainly possible that China’s GDP or per capita income could double by 2035.
根据规划，中国将更大力度地扩大开放，同世界各国共享发展机遇。中国将建设更高水平开放型经济新体制，推动贸易和投资自由化便利化，完善外商投资准入前国民待遇加负面清单管理制度，有序扩大服务业对外开放，依法保护外资企业合法权益，健全促进和保障境外投资的法律、政策和服务体系；完善自由贸易试验区布局，发挥好中国国际进口博览会等重要展会平台作用；坚持共商共建共享原则，秉持绿色、开放、廉洁理念，推动共建“一带一路”高质量发展。
According to the Plan, China will expand opening up more vigorously and share development opportunities with other countries in the world. China will build an open economy of higher standards, advance trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, improve its system for foreign investment management based on pre-establishment national treatment and negative list, open up the service sector in a well-planned way, protect the lawful rights and interests of foreign investors, improve legislation, policies and services to promote and protect outbound investment. China will continue to optimize the layout of the free trade pilot zone and give full play to the role of important exhibition platforms such as the China International Import Expo. China will adhere to the principle of extensive consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits, pursue open, green and clean cooperation and work together for the high-quality Belt and Road cooperation.
展望未来，一个开放水平更高、市场空间更广、创新步伐更快、发展韧性更强的中国，将为深化拓展中冰务实合作、实现共同发展带来更多新机遇，中冰双方在绿色清洁能源、仿生制药、电子通讯、船舶制造、数字经济等多个领域有着良好合作前景。2021年即将迎来中冰建交50周年，中国愿与冰岛携手努力，进一步加强双方发展对接和机遇共享，在国际事务中携手捍卫多边主义，维护联合国的核心作用，共同应对气候变化挑战，推动构建人类命运共同体。
Looking forward, with a higher level of openness, broader market, increased pace of innovation and stronger development resilience, China will bring more new opportunities for strengthened China-Iceland cooperation and common development. The two sides enjoy broad prospects in cooperation of clean energy, biosimilars, electronic communications, shipbuilding and digital economy. 2021 marks the 50th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Iceland. China is willing to work together with Iceland for shared opportunities and mutual development, safeguard multilateralism and the core role of the United Nations in the international affairs, jointly respond to the challenges of climate change and create a community of a shared future for mankind.