中国的减贫为全球发展事业做出非凡贡献
China’s Extraordinary Contribution of Poverty Reduction to Global Development Cooperation
驻东帝汶大使肖建国在东媒体发表署名文章
Signed Article by H.E. Dr. Xiao Jianguo, Chinese Ambassador to Timor-Leste, Published on STL
2021年1月27日
27 January 2021
根据世界银行今年1月发布的《全球经济展望》报告，目前肆虐的新冠肺炎疫情首次逆转了近十年来全球减贫进程，预计将导致全球超过1亿人口因疫情重新陷入极端贫困。而在中国，面对疫情来袭，14亿中国人民不畏艰难、上下同心，在中国共产党坚强领导下，统筹推进新冠肺炎疫情防控和经济社会发展，不仅有效遏制了疫情，赢得抗疫斗争的决定性胜利，而且2020年中国国内生产总值（GDP）首次突破100万亿元，同比增长2.3%，成为全球唯一正增长的主要经济体。与此同时，2020年中国就业形势总体稳定，城镇新增就业超过1100万人，脱贫减贫取得突破性进展。习近平主席在2021年新年贺词中向全世界宣布：中国“2020年，全面建成小康社会取得伟大历史性成就，决战脱贫攻坚取得决定性胜利”。
According to January’s Global Economic Prospects published by World Bank, the wide spread of COVID-19 pandemic has reversed the downward trend in global poverty for the first time in a generation and is projected to push more than 100 million people back into extreme poverty. In contrast, under the strong leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the 1.4 billion Chinese, undaunted by the strike of COVID-19 and with the government and the people united as one, coordinated the work of epidemic control and socioeconomic development, have not only effectively curbed the spread of the virus, achieving decisive success in the fight against COVID-19, but also made progress in economic and social development. China’s gross domestic product (GDP) expanded 2.3 percent in the year 2020, exceeding the 100-trillion-yuan threshold for the first time, making China the only major economy to post growth that year. Meanwhile, the employment was generally stable, with newly increased employed people in urban areas totaled over 11 million. Breakthrough has also been achieved in poverty reduction. H.E. Xi Jinping, President of the People’s Republic of China announced to the world in his 2021 New Year speech, “In 2020, China made the historic achievement of establishing a moderately prosperous society in all respects and achieved decisive success in eradicating extreme poverty”.
一、中国脱贫攻坚取得决定性胜利
1. China’s Decisive Success in Poverty Reduction
中国共产党人的初心和使命，就是为中国人民谋幸福，为中华民族谋复兴。消除贫困、改善民生、实现共同富裕，是现阶段中国特色社会主义的本质要求。
The original aspiration and the mission of Chinese Communists are to seek happiness for the Chinese people and rejuvenation for the Chinese nation. To eliminate poverty, to improve people’s livelihoods and achieve common prosperity are the essential requirements of socialism with Chinese characteristics nowadays.
自1949年中华人民共和国成立以来，中国政府不懈努力，致力于建设强大国家，致力于改善人民生活。过去70年来，中国超过8.5亿人口摆脱贫困，人均寿命从35岁提高到77岁，实现了近14亿人从贫困到温饱再到小康的历史性跨越。经过8年来的攻坚战，现行标准下近1亿农村贫困人口全部脱贫，832个贫困县全部摘帽，中国提前10年实现了《联合国2030年可持续发展议程》减贫目标，创造了中国减贫奇迹。联合国秘书长古特雷斯将中国誉为“减贫领域的世界纪录保持者”。今后，中国政府将积极巩固拓展脱贫成果，特别是将脱贫与乡村振兴战略相衔接，防止返贫现象。
Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, the Chinese government has committed to develop China into a strong country and to improve people’s livelihoods. In the past seven decades, more than 850 million Chinese were lifted out of poverty; average life expectancy more than doubled from 35 to 77 years old; the nearly 1.4 billion Chinese people have made a historic leap from destitution of subsistence towards a life of moderate prosperity. Through the recent 8 years’ of fight against poverty, under the current standard, China has eradicated extreme poverty for the nearly 100 million rural people affected, and all the 832 impoverished counties have shaken off poverty. China has met ten years ahead of schedule the poverty eradication target set out in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. UN Secretary-General António Guterres praised China as the world record-holder in poverty reduction. In the future, the Chinese Government will proactively consolidate and extend the achievements of poverty alleviation, and keep those who have been lifted out of poverty from returning to poverty, by connecting poverty relief efforts with rural vitalization strategies in particular.
二、中国为全球减贫事业作出贡献
2. The Contribution of China to World Poverty Reduction
“大道之行、天下为公”。中国开展全球减贫合作，源于中华民族天下大同的理念，源于中国的国际主义情怀，源于中国的大国责任担当。
As an ancient Chinese adage goes, “The greatest ideal is to create a world truly shared by all.” The inherent force driving China’s world poverty reduction is based on the following notions: the Chinese nation’s ideal of universal harmony, the Chinese tradition of internationalism and China’s sense of responsibility as a major country.
2019年5月，习近平主席在亚洲文明对话大会指出，“亚洲一些民众特别是妇女儿童正忍受着贫困、饥饿、疾病的折磨”，希望“共同消除许多国家民众依然面临的贫穷落后”；2020年6月，联合国“消除贫困联盟”正式启动，中国作为创始成员参加该联盟；同年9月，中国在《关于联合国成立75周年立场文件》中强调，加强减贫国际合作，将减贫置于2030年可持续发展议程全球落实更重要的位置，推动减贫目标尽早实现。
In May 2019, President Xi Jinping pointed out at the Conference on Dialogue of Asian Civilizations that, “in some parts of Asia, people, women and children in particular, are still suffering from poverty, hunger and disease”, and hoped “to eradicate poverty and backwardness that still plague people in some countries”. In June 2020, the Alliance for Poverty Eradication was formally inaugurated, China joined this initiative as the founding member. In September 2020, the Position Paper of the People’s Republic of China on the 75th Anniversary of the United Nations stressed that, “we should strengthen international cooperation on poverty reduction and prioritize this endeavor in implementing the 2030 UN Agenda so as to eradicate extreme poverty as early as possible”.
随着中国经济快速发展，经济总量的提升，中国减贫事业对全球减贫贡献率超过70%。多年来，共为发展中国家提供180个减贫项目，另有一系列的农业援助发展项目、生态保护等项目，以及上百所医院学校和职业培训中心等散布在全球各地。中国通过支持其他发展中国家减贫事业，提升农业发展水平，促进教育公平，改善基础设施，推进工业化进程等，为全面推动落实《联合国2030年可持续发展议程》积极贡献自己的力量。中国引领着世界减贫事业，并为众多发展中国家脱贫提供了“中国方案”。
China’s economy has been growing fast, contributing over 70 percent to global poverty reduction. In recent years, China has assisted many developing countries with 180 poverty alleviation projects, and a series of other projects, such as on agricultural cooperation and ecological conservation, together with over 100 hospitals, schools and vocational training institutes erected all over the world. As an active contributor to the implementation of the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, China has been helping other developing countries reduce poverty, with the aims to boost agricultural progress, to support equal access to education, to improve infrastructure, and to speed up industrialization. Poverty reduction in China has set an example and has provided Chinese solutions to world poverty alleviation.
三、中国愿继续深化中东减贫合作
3. China Is Willing to Further Cooperation with Timor-Leste in Poverty Reduction
东帝汶是联合国认定的世界最不发达国家之一。近年来，受持续的经济衰退和新冠肺炎疫情影响，东贫困率不降反升达总人口的45%。东要在2030年实现其跨入中等高收入国家行列的目标，减贫事业任重而道远。
Timor-Leste was included in the list of least developed countries by UN. In recent year, affected by economic recession and COVID-19 pandemic, the poverty rate of Timor-Leste has risen to 45% of its population, who still has a long way to go in poverty reduction while it wants to achieve the goal to become an upper middle income country (UMIC) by 2030.
“亲仁善邻、协和万邦”。自东2002年恢复独立以来，中国着眼于提高东自主和可持续发展能力，无偿向东提供大量援助，努力帮助东实现减贫发展。同样，中国人民也不会忘记，2008年汶川大地震发生后，东向中国提供了一笔50万美元的捐款，这是东独立后首次向外国政府提供捐赠，见证了东人民对中国人民的深情厚谊。
For Chinese civilization, amity and good neighborliness is the principle guiding our interactions with other countries. Since Timor-Lest’s restoration of independence in 2002, China has provided Timor-Leste significant assistance with a view to strengthen its capacity in independent and sustainable development and in poverty reduction. Likewise, we, Chinese people will never forget that when a devastating earthquake hit Wenchuan in 2008, the government and people of Timor-Leste donated 500,000$ in support of the rescue and relief efforts in China: the first donation that has ever been made to a foreign country in the history of Timor-Leste after its independence, witnessing the profound friendship between the two peoples.
“好风凭借力，扬帆正当时。”当前，中国正在构建以国内大循环为主体、国际国内双循环相互促进的新发展格局。中国对外发展合作规模将稳步增长，并更多地向最不发达国家和“一带一路”发展中国家倾斜。我们愿以此为契机，持续推进两国发展合作，为东减贫事业提供更多帮助和支持。
“With the wind blowing from the right angle, it is time for us to set sail.” China is now fostering a new development paradigm with domestic circulation as the mainstay and domestic and international circulations reinforcing each other. China has continued a steady increase in the scale of its international development cooperation, giving high priority to the least developed countries and developing countries participating in the Belt and Road Initiative. We hopes it can be an opportunity to further bilateral development cooperation, and provide more support and assistance to the poverty alleviation of Timor-Leste.