The Translator’s CharterⅠ

 

翻译工作者宪章（上）

 

 

(Approved by the Congress at Dubrovnik in 1963, and amended in Oslo on July 9, 1994)

 

The International Federation of Translators

 

本宪章于1963年9月在杜布罗夫尼克（南斯拉夫）召开的国际翻译工作者联合会（国际译联）第四次代表大会上通过。当时参加国际译联的有23个国家的翻译工作者团体。

 

 

Noting that translation has established itself as a permanent, universal and necessary activity in the world of today; that by making intellectual and material exchanges possible among nations it enriches their life and contributes to a better understanding amongst men; that in spite of the various circumstances under which it is practiced translation must now be recognized as a distinct and autonomous profession.

 

国际翻译工作者联合会认为，翻译工作在当代世界被看作是一种经常、普遍和必不可少的活动形式；翻译工作能够使各国人民进行精神与物质上的交流，丰富各国人民的生活，促进人们之间的了解；尽管从事翻译工作的环境各有不同，但当前必须把翻译工作看作是一种固定、独立的职业。

 

 

And desiring to lay down, as a formal document, certain general principles inseparably connected with the profession of translating, particularly for the purpose of stressing the social function of translation, laying down the rights and duties of translators, laying the basis of a translator’s code of ethics, improving the economic conditions and social climate in which the translator carries out his activity, and recommending certain lines of conduct for translators and their professional organizations, and to contribute in this way to the recognition of translation as a distinct and autonomous profession.

 

希望以正式文件的形式，阐明与翻译工作者的职业密切相关的几项共同原则，以便着重指出翻译工作的社会职能，明确翻译工作者的权利和义务，奠定翻译工作者道德规范的基础，改善翻译工作者从事翻译工作的经济条件与社会环境，为翻译工作者及其职业团体提供某些活动方针，借以肯定翻译工作是一种固定、独立的职业。

 

 

Announces the text of a charter proposed to serve as guiding principles for the exercise of the profession of translator.

 

有鉴于此，国际翻译工作者联合会特公布本宪章，作为翻译工作者从事翻译活动的指针。

 

 

SECTION I GENERAL OBLIGATIONS OF THE TRANSLATOR

 

第一章 翻译工作者的义务

 

 

1. Translation, being an intellectual activity, the object of which is the transfer of literary, scientific and technical texts from one language into another, imposes on those who practice it specific obligations inherent in its very nature.

 

1. 翻译工作作为一种脑力劳动其目的是将文学、科学方面的材料从一种语言译成另一种语言，从事这一工作的人承担着由该工作性质产生的特殊义务。

 

 

2. A translation shall always be made on the sole responsibility of the translator, whatever the character of the relationship of contract which binds him/her to the user.

 

2. 不管翻译工作者与使用译文的个人和机关建立的是什么关系或合同，译文概由翻译工作者负责。

 

 

3. The translator shall refuse to give to a text an interpretation of which he/she does not approve, or which would be contrary to the obligations of his/her profession.

 

3. 凡是翻译工作者不同意的或与翻译工作者业务职责相抵触的对原文的解释，翻译工作者应该加以拒绝。

 

 

4. Every translation shall be faithful and render exactly the idea and form of the original. This fidelity constituting both a moral and legal obligation for the translator.

 

4. 任何译文都应忠实于原意，准确表达原文的思想和形式，遵守这种忠实的原则是翻译工作者法律上与道德上的义务。

 

 

5. A faithful translation, however, should not be confused with a literal translation, the fidelity of a translation not excluding an adaptation to make the form, the atmosphere and deeper meaning of the work felt in another language and country.

 

5. 然而，正确的译文不应同逐字翻译混为一谈，因为翻译的忠实并不排除文字上的必要改变，以便使人能够用另一种语言在另一个国家体会到原作的形式、气氛及其内在含意。

 

 

6. The translator shall possess a sound knowledge of the language from which he/she translates and should, in particular, be a master of that into which he/she translates.

 

6. 翻译工作者应通晓原文，更重要的是要精通用来进行翻译的语言。

 

 

7. He/she must likewise have a broad general knowledge and know sufficiently well the subject matter of the translation and refrain from undertaking a translation in a field beyond his competence.

 

7. 翻译工作者应该知识广博，对所译对象应有足够了解，对不熟悉的工作不予承担。

 

 

8. The translator shall refrain from any unfair competition in carrying out his profession; in particular, he/she shall strive for equitable remuneration and not accept any fee below that which may be fixed by law and regulations.

 

8. 翻译工作者在职业活动中应该不作任何不诚实的竞争；翻译工作者不能接受低于法律专门决议、习惯或者他所在的职业团体明文规定的报酬。

 

 

9. In general, he/she shall neither seek nor accept work under conditions humiliating to himself/herself or his/her profession.

 

9. 翻译工作者不应该在有损于个人或职业尊严的条件下去寻找或接受工作。

 

 

10. The translator shall respect the legitimate interests of the user by treating as a professional secret any information which may come into his/her possession as a result of the translation entrusted to him/her.

 

10. 翻译工作者应该尊重使用译文的个人和机关的合法利益，应将所有在从事委托给他的翻译工作时可能得到的资料视为职业秘密。

 

 

11. Being a “secondary” author, the translator is required to accept special obligations with respect to the author of the original work.

 

11. 翻译工作者作为“再创造”的作者，对原作者负有特殊义务。

 

 

12. He/she must obtain from the author of the original work or from the user authorization to translate a work, and must furthermore respect all other rights vested in the author.

 

12. 翻译工作者未经原著作者或原著所有者的允许，不得翻译该项著作，同时也应该尊重作者其他各项权利。