新时代、新机遇、新进展
New Era, New Opportunities and New Progress
——驻挪威大使王民在挪全国铁路大会的演讲
Speech by Ambassador Wang Min at the Norwegian Rail Conference
2018年03月13日
13 March 2018
女士们、先生们，
Ladies and Gentlemen,
大家上午好！很高兴出席挪威2018年度全国铁路大会。今天的大会以铁路建设为主题，探讨如何加强挪威基础设施发展。加强设施联通是“一带一路”倡议的重要内容。因此，在本次大会上谈及“一带一路”倡议和基础设施建设恰如其分。我愿就此谈三个问题：
Good morning. It is a great pleasure to attend the Norwegian Rail Conference and deliver a speech here. I’m really interested in this Conference’s topics. Since enhancing infrastructure connectivity is one of the pillars of the Belt and Road Initiative, it’s a suitable occasion to talk about the Belt and Road Initiative at the Rail Conference. In this regard, I would like to make the following three points:
首先，我想简要地介绍一下“一带一路”倡议。
Firstly, I will make a general briefing on the Belt and Road Initiative.
回顾历史，2000多年前，中国与亚欧国家的先辈们穿越草原、大漠和海洋，开辟了连通亚欧非的陆上丝绸之路和连接东西方的海上丝绸之路，开创了各国商贸、人员和文化交流的先河。展望今天，随着世界多极化、经济全球化、社会信息化、文明多样化深入发展，人类面临的各类挑战也层出不穷：经济增长亟需新动力，发展需要普惠平衡，贫富鸿沟有待弥合，地区热点持续升温，恐怖主义为祸全球。和平赤字、发展赤字、治理赤字等挑战严峻。
Over 2,000 years ago, our ancestors opened the transcontinental passage connecting Asia, Europe and Africa, known today as the Silk Road. Our ancestors, navigating rough seas, created sea routes linking the East with the West as well, namely, the maritime Silk Road. These ancient silk routes opened ways of commercial, personnel and cultural exchanges among nations at that time. But today, on this increasingly multi-polar, economically globalized, digitized and culturally diversified earth, we find ourselves in a world full of challenges. Global growth requires new drivers, development needs to be more inclusive and balanced, and the gap between the rich and the poor needs to be narrowed. Hotspots in some regions are causing instability and terrorism is rampant. Deficit in peace, development and governance poses a daunting challenge to mankind.
基于对上述问题的深邃思考，中国国家主席习近平于2013年秋，在哈萨克斯坦和印度尼西亚分别提出共建丝绸之路经济带和21世纪海上丝绸之路的倡议，即“一带一路”倡议。希望通过这一倡议，实现亚欧非和东西方间的政策沟通、设施联通、贸易畅通、资金融通、民心相通，通过历史性的协同发展与合作共赢，化解人类面临的共同挑战。
Based on deep reflections on the above-mentioned challenges, in the autumn of 2013, Chinese President Xi Jinping proposed the building of the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, that is, the Belt and Road Initiative. The aim of this initiative is through historic synergistic development and win-win cooperation, to realize policy coordination, infrastructure connectivity, unimpeded trade, financial integration and people-to-people bonds, and tackle common challenges faced by mankind.
习近平主席指出，“一带一路”倡议向所有朋友开放。该倡议始终坚持“共商、共建、共享”的理念，坚持共同商量、共同做事、共同受益。4年多来，“一带一路”倡议从理念落实为行动，从愿景转化为现实，被写入联合国大会和安理会重要决议，并得到100余个国家和国际组织的积极响应，80多个国家和国际组织同中国签署合作协议。2014年至2017年，中国与“一带一路”沿线国的进出口总额超过4万亿美元，对沿线国直接投资达600亿美元。到2017年底，亚洲基础设施投资银行批准20余个投资项目，总金额超过37亿美元。丝路基金也签署了投资额达70亿美元的17个项目协议。
As President Xi Jinping pointed out, the Belt and Road Initiative is open to all other countries. Since the inception of the initiative, China has stayed committed to the principle of wide consultation, joint construction and shared benefits, and discussing and doing things together with others to produce benefits for all. Over four years on, we have seen the Initiative gradually translated from a concept into actions, and has become a remarkable success. It has been written into important resolutions of the UN General Assembly and the Security Council. Over 100 countries and international organizations have voiced their support and interest in participating in this Initiative, and over 80 countries and international organizations have signed cooperation agreements with China. From 2014 to 2017, trade between China and countries along the routes exceeded 4 trillion US dollars. Chinese investment in these countries topped 60 billion US dollars. As of the end of 2017, the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank had approved over 3.7 billion US dollars in financing for over 20 projects. The Silk Road Fund had signed agreements on 17 projects, pledging 7 billion US dollars in investment.
除了耀眼的经济成就，“一带一路”倡议在教育、科研、文化、卫生、旅游和体育等领域也收获了丰硕成果。截至2017年底，中国同53个沿线国共结成734对友好城市，同多个沿线国达成各类互免签证、落地签等签证便利协议，有力拉近了各国民心距离。
Except for economic achievements, the Belt and Road Initiative also made a lot of progress on cultural and people-to-people cooperation on multiple levels and in a wide range of areas, and encourages exchanges and cooperation on education, science and technology, culture, health, tourism and sports. As of the end of 2017, there were 734 pairs of sister cities between China and 53 countries along the routes. Mutual visa exemption or visa-on-arrival arrangements were agreed between China and many countries along the routes.
去年5月，“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛在北京举行，会议形成了76大项、270多项代表性成果。习近平主席在会上强调，要打造开放型合作平台，维护和发展开放型世界经济，共同创造有利于开放发展的环境，推动构建公正、合理、透明的国际贸易投资规则体系，促进生产要素有序流动、资源高效配置、市场深度融合。欢迎各国结合自身国情，积极发展开放型经济，参与全球治理和公共产品供给，携手构建广泛的利益共同体。这些理念和主张同挪威的政策有许多契合之处。
In May last year, the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation was successfully held in Beijing, which achieved more than 270 concrete results. At this Forum, President Xi Jinping chartered a blueprint for the future development of the Belt and Road Initiative. He stressed the importance of steadfastly building an open global economy, reminding us that those who pursue protectionism will lock themselves in a dark room deprived of light and air. President Xi also put forward China’s proposal for boosting global growth and making globalization more balanced. He called for joint efforts to develop a model of innovation-driven growth, open and win-win cooperation, fair and equitable governance, and balanced and inclusive development. These ideas have many similarities with policies of Norway.
今年1月，中国政府还发布了首份《中国的北极政策》白皮书，倡导本着“尊重、合作、共赢、可持续”的基本原则，与有关各方共同认识、保护、利用和参与治理北极，积极推动“一带一路”倡议涉北极合作，依托北极航道的开发利用，共同建设“冰上丝绸之路”，为北极的和平稳定和可持续发展做出贡献。这将为中挪合作提供许多新机遇和新的增长点。
As you may know, China published a white paper on its Arctic Policy in January this year, and proposed to jointly understand, protect, develop and participate in the governance of the Arctic, and advance Arctic-related cooperation under the Belt and Road Initiative, which will bring opportunities for parties concerned to jointly build a “Polar Silk Road”, and facilitate connectivity and sustainable economic and social development of the Arctic. We’re sure it will bring lots of opportunities for China-Norway cooperation in many areas.
第二，我想简要地介绍一下中国高铁和中欧班列。
Secondly, since today’s conference is the major conference for rail community in Norway, I will make a brief introduction on Chinese high-speed rail and China Railway Express train on this occasion.
中国幅员广阔、人口庞大，基础设施建设关乎民生水平和质量。中国政府高度重视交通基础设施建设和升级。改革开放近40年来，中国的交通基础设施在科研能力、生产水平、高端工艺、性价比和全球竞争力等方面均走在了世界前列。中国高铁更是凭借其先进的技术水平和高效便捷的乘坐体验，成为中国装备制造的“黄金名片”和备受民众推崇的出行方式。
China has a vast territory and a large population. Therefore, its infrastructure construction truly bears on its people’s livelihood improvement. The Chinese government highly values transportation infrastructure construction and upgrading, and with 40 years’ development since the reform and opening-up, China now enjoys advanced technology and production capacity, high cost-performance and global competitiveness in the transportation infrastructure field. In particular, with leading technology innovation and application, high-speed rail has now become one of the most convenient and fastest transportation means for Chinese people to get around and travel as well as a “golden business card” of China’s equipment manufacturing.
截至2017年底，中国高铁通车里程已达2.5万公里，占世界高铁总量的66.3%，稳居全球第一。根据中国政府的规划，到2025年，中国高铁通车里程将达到3.8万公里。仅2018年，中国铁路固定资产投资将安排1120亿美元，投产新线4000公里，其中高铁3500公里。以北京和上海之间的高铁为例，该铁路采用世界最高标准建造，最高时速达350公里，单程用时仅需4.5小时，而此段里程同奥斯陆到特罗姆瑟的距离相当。一些乘坐过这趟高铁的挪威朋友告诉我，中国高铁速度极快、设施先进、干净整洁、启抵准点、安全舒适，令人印象深刻。
So far, China has built the world’s largest high-speed rail network on its land – 25,000 kilometers as of the end of 2017, accounting for 66.3 percent of the world’s total. According to Chinese Government’s plan, the high-speed rail tracks will hit 38,000 km by 2025. Even in 2018, its fixed asset investment on railways will be about 112 billion US dollars, aiming to build 4,000 km of new rail lines this year, 3,500 km of which will be high-speed rail tracks. Here I’d like to take the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway as an example. This railway was built to the world’s highest standards, and was designed to run at a maximum speed of 350 kph, which only takes 4 hours and a half to get to destination, the distance of which is similar to that of Oslo and Tromsø. At my meetings with some Norwegian businessmen who took the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway, they told me the journeys were fantastic, and they were deeply impressed by the train’s high-speed, modern equipment, clean and tidy circumstance, punctual arrival, safety and comfort.
当前，铁路已成为连接中国和欧洲的重要交通方式。2011年，首趟中欧班列从中国新疆驶出，标志着铁路开始成为海运、空运之外，连接亚欧大陆的第三条运输通道。在“一带一路”倡议的推动下，中欧班列进入了高速发展期。2015年，中国发布《推动共建丝绸之路经济带和21世纪海上丝绸之路愿景与行动》，明确将中欧班列建设列为国家发展重点。2017年，中欧班列共开行3600列，超过2011年至2016年六年开行数量的总和，开行范围覆盖欧洲13个国家的36个城市。去年，中国义乌至英国伦敦班列开通，标志着中欧班列开通“最后一公里”，使“一带一路”延伸到欧洲最西端。该条铁路全长1.25万公里，耗时18天，比海运快近1个月，比空运成本低80%。同样在去年，芬兰成为第一个开通中欧班列的北欧国家，将中芬之间8000公里的陆上行程用时缩短至10天。未来，电子设备、零部件以及三文鱼、蓝莓等北欧产品将源源不断地输往中国，班列也将满载中国产品返程，造福北欧消费者。中欧班列作为“铁轨上的丝路”，推进了中国与沿线国的互联互通，它不再只是一条条点对点的路线，而是已形成一张开放的网络；它不仅发挥着货物运输通道的功能，还承担着整合全球资金、能源、技术、人才等产业要素、衔接全球产业的使命。
As part of the Belt and Road Initiative, the launch of the rail freight service ushered in a new era for freight on rail as an alternative to shipping by sea or air. The importance of China’s rail link to Europe was highlighted in a white paper issued by the Chinese government in March 2015, entitled Joining Hands to Build a Silk Road Economic Belt and a 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road – Vision and Actions. China Railway Express train has now connected more than 30 Chinese cities to 36 cities in 13 European countries, including Germany, England, Russia, Poland, Spain and so on. Last year, 3,600 cargo train trips were made between China and European cities, surpassing the previous six years combined. China Railway Express ran its first freight train between China’s Yiwu and London last year. This offered a new, on-land option for the movement of goods between China and Britain, opened the last mile of the China-Europe Express Railway and extended the “Belt and Road” to the very western end of Europe. The entire route is almost 12,500km and takes about 18 days, one month less than maritime transport and just about 20% of air transport in cost. Also last year, Finland became the first Nordic country to have direct freight train link to China. It only takes ten days for trains from Finland to travel the 8,000km route through Russia and Kazakhstan to China. More Scandinavian goods including electronic devices, spare parts, and agricultural specialties such as blueberry and salmon will be exported to China and equivalent cargoes from China will be exported to the Nordic countries in the future. The China Railway Express service, seen as the “Belt and Road on rail”, helps boost connectivity between China and the rest of Eurasia. An interconnected network has begun to replace uncoordinated individual cargo lines. In addition to offering freight transport solutions, it contributes to flows of global investment, resources, technology and skilled personnel, and facilitates global cross-sector collaboration.
第三，我想展望一下中挪务实合作面临的广阔机遇。
Thirdly, I will make some comments on China-Norway exchanges and cooperation.
自2016年底中挪关系转圜后，两国各领域交流与合作全面恢复重启。索尔贝格首相和托马森议长先后成功访华，两国政治互信不断巩固。双方在能源、海洋、环保、科技、创新、地方等领域务实合作势头强劲，例如，中国企业为挪建造了世界上最大的三文鱼养殖网箱，中国基建公司正在纳尔维克修建挪第二长桥，挪中自由贸易协定谈判进展积极。中挪在文化、教育、旅游和体育等领域的合作也硕果累累。两国关系呈现出蓬勃发展的局面。
We are pleased to see that, since the normalization of China-Norway relations in December 2016, bilateral cooperation in all fields has been resumed quickly and comprehensively. Prime Minister Solberg and Storting President Thommessen paid successful visits to China. The political mutual trust of our two countries has been consolidated continuously. The practical cooperation has been strengthened greatly in the fields of energy, maritime, environmental protection, science and technology, innovation and local affairs. For example, a Chinese company built the world’s largest salmon farming cage for Norway last year, another Chinese company is building Norway’s second longest bridge in Narvik, and the Free Trade Agreement negotiation between China and Norway is going on positively. Exchanges in the areas of culture, education, tourism and sports have been flourishing as well. The development of China-Norway relations is showing a positive and sound momentum.
去年十月，中国共产党第十九次全国代表大会在北京胜利召开，确立了习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想，明确了分两步走在本世纪中叶建成富强民主文明和谐美丽的社会主义现代化强国。为实现新的发展愿景和战略目标，中国将创新发展理念，推动经济现代化发展，进一步深化供给侧结构性改革。挪在海洋工程、创新、社会保障、绿色经济、可持续发展等领域拥有先进经验，与十九大确立的重点发展领域有许多契合点。去年4月索尔贝格首相访华期间，两国领导人就开展“一带一路”合作深入交换意见。挪地处北大西洋沿岸，是重要的北极国家，区位优势明显，是中国实现欧亚连接的天然伙伴。挪是亚投行创始成员国。综合这些因素看，两国在“一带一路”框架下开展合作潜力巨大，机遇众多。
Another important opportunity for promoting cooperation between China and Norway is the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China which was held last October, with a close relationship with the Belt and Road Initiative and China-Norway relations. The Congress has achieved major theoretical innovations, ultimately giving shape to the Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and adopted a two-stage development strategy for achieving socialist modernization in China, which is to build China into a great modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious, and beautiful by the middle of the century. To realize the above-mentioned strategic goals, China will apply a new vision of development, develop a modernized economy, and further supply-side structural reform, which has provided new opportunities for China-Norway relations. Norway has gained success and experience in marine engineering, innovation, social security, green economy and sustainable development, which are highly consistent with the key development areas established during the 19th Congress. During Prime Minister Solberg’s visit to China last April, leaders of our two countries have exchanged views in depth on cooperation under the Belt and Road Initiative. Norway has an obvious geographic advantage, and is a natural partner to China in realizing Eurasia connectivity. Norway joined the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank as a founding member in 2015. These factors provide good basis for deepening China-Norway cooperation under the framework of the Belt and Road Initiative.
中国发展已跨入了新时代，中挪关系也进入了新时代。展望未来，前景光明。相信中挪双方都将顺势而为，只争朝夕，抢抓机遇，携手努力，进一步推进包括互联互通在内的各领域合作，争取更大进展，实现更大突破，打造两国关系更加美好的明天，更好惠及两国人民！
China has crossed the threshold into a new era, so has China-Norway relationship, which has provided new and important opportunities for the development of bilateral relations. Looking ahead, we can see that the future of China-Norway relations is bright and promising. We must seize the day, seize the hour, and seize the opportunities, work together to strengthen cooperation in all areas, including cooperation on connectivity and infrastructure, and achieve new progress to promote our bilateral relations towards a better tomorrow, which will benefit our two peoples.
谢谢大家！
Thank you!