在第21次东盟与中日韩领导人会议上的讲话
Speech at the 21st ASEAN Plus China, Japan and ROK Summit
中华人民共和国国务院总理 李克强
H.E. Li Keqiang, Premier of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China
2018年11月15日，新加坡
Singapore, 15 November 2018
李显龙总理，
各位同事：
Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong,
Colleagues,
很高兴出席第21次东盟与中日韩（10+3）领导人会议，我谨代表中国政府对新加坡政府为会议所做的精心准备和周到安排表示诚挚感谢。
It gives me great pleasure to attend the 21st ASEAN Plus China, Japan and ROK (APT) Summit. On behalf of the Chinese government, I would like to express sincere thanks to the Singapore Government for its thoughtful preparations and arrangements for the Summit.
今年是一个特殊的年份，国际金融危机爆发至今已有10年、亚洲金融危机爆发也已过了20年。这两次危机都对亚洲产生了深远影响。我们之所以能够经受住考验，持续成为全球经济增长的重要引擎，东盟和中日韩发挥了中流砥柱作用，为应对危机而诞生的10+3合作机制功不可没。
We are now at a special moment in time. It has been 10 years since the global financial crisis and 20 years following the Asian financial crisis. Exposed to the extensive impact of both crises, we Asian countries have stood the tests and continued to be a leading engine for global growth. ASEAN, China, Japan and the ROK have played a pivotal role in this process, and the APT framework, which was created to meet the Asian financial crisis, can also rightly claim credit for our progress.
当前，世界经济复苏态势仍在持续，但不稳定不确定因素明显增多，出现了一些令人担忧的风险和挑战，保护主义、单边主义突出，经济全球化遭遇波折，以规则为基础的国际秩序和多边贸易体制受到冲击。10+3国家应继承和发扬同舟共济、共克时艰的精神，共迎挑战、化危为机，为维护地区稳定承担更大责任，为促进区域繁荣发展发挥更大作用。我们要坚定不移推进经济全球化，坚决维护多边主义和自由贸易，推动区域经济一体化，致力于建设开放型世界经济。我们要抓住新一轮世界科技革命和产业变革带来的机遇，加强创新领域合作，壮大经济发展新动能。
As we speak, the world economy is still on the road to recovery, yet factors of instability and uncertainties have notably increased, posing risks and challenges that are deeply concerning. Protectionism and unilateralism are on the rise. With economic globalization suffering setbacks, the rules-based international order and the multilateral trading system are coming under strain. Just as we did before, the APT countries should work together in the spirit of solidarity and mutual help to tackle the challenges head on and turn crisis into opportunities through a collective response. We need to shoulder greater responsibilities for regional stability and play a bigger role in promoting regional prosperity and development. We should remain committed to economic globalization, multilateralism and free trade, and work to advance regional economic integration and build an open world economy. We need to seize the opportunities brought by the new round of technological and industrial revolution to strengthen innovation cooperation and nurture new drivers of growth.
10+3国家经济总量达21.9万亿美元，占世界的27%，超过美国和欧盟，在全球经济中具有举足轻重的影响。10+3合作打造了清迈倡议多边化、宏观经济研究办公室、大米紧急储备、东亚论坛等品牌项目，机制化建设日趋成熟。可以说，我们完全有能力、有基础应对各种困难和挑战。中方愿与10+3其他国家一道，以更坚定的决心和更长远的眼光共同擘画东亚合作的未来，推动东亚实现更高水平的融合发展、为世界经济注入新动能。
The APT economies have a combined GDP of US$21.9 trillion, accounting for 27 percent of the world economy. Having surpassed that of the US and the EU, APT countries carry significant influence in the world economy. With such flagship projects as CMIM, AMRO, APTERR and East Asia Forum under its umbrella, APT cooperation has become more mature in institution building. We have sufficient means and capabilities to handle all kinds of difficulties and challenges. China will work with other APT countries with greater resolve and a longer-term perspective to plan for the future of East Asian cooperation. Together, we will promote a higher level of integrated development in East Asia and inject new impetus into the world economy.
今年是10+3合作进入第二个20年的开局之年。各方应以此为新起点，发挥好10+3合作作为东亚合作主渠道的作用，加大力度推进区域经济一体化进程，朝着东亚经济共同体的方向共同努力。我愿就下阶段10+3合作提几点建议：
The year 2018 marks the beginning of a second 20-year period for APT cooperation. At this new starting point, all parties need to make full use of APT cooperation as the main channel of East Asian cooperation, step up efforts to advance regional economic integration, and jointly work toward an East Asia Economic Community (EAEC). In this context, I would like to make the following proposals.
扎实推动东亚经济共同体建设。东亚经济共同体有利于提高区域内各领域合作水平，将为各国发展提供有力的依托，对我们破解现实难题、引领10+3未来合作具有重要意义。去年，我倡议推进东亚经济共同体建设，得到与会各方积极回应。为加快推动本地区经济一体化，在此我建议各国领导人指示经贸部长们密切配合，通过10+3经贸部长会渠道，研究东亚经济共同体建设的愿景和推进路径，让这一倡议从理念变成行动。
We need to move forward the EAEC with concrete actions. The EAEC will facilitate intra-regional cooperation across the board and serve as a useful platform for supporting the growth of APT countries. It has a significant role to play in resolving the challenges we face and steering future APT cooperation. At our meeting last year, my proposal to advance the building of the EAEC received positive response from various parties. To accelerate regional economic integration, I would like to propose that we instruct our trade ministers to work closely through the AEM Plus Three Consultations on the vision and roadmap for the EAEC in order to convert this initiative from vision into actions.
加快自贸区建设。东亚是世界上经济最具增长活力的地区之一，各国普遍奉行自由贸易和市场开放政策，区内贸易潜力巨大。10+3国家区域内贸易额已达到4.7万亿美元，占对外贸易总额接近50%。本地区自贸安排蓬勃发展。东盟已建成经济共同体，中日韩也已分别与东盟建立自贸安排，“区域全面经济伙伴关系协定”（RCEP）涵盖范围广，符合地区发展实际，兼顾不同国家利益关切，是实现东亚经济一体化的重要基础。今年以来，RCEP谈判取得显著进展，增强了我们尽快完成谈判的信心。中方愿与各方一道，尽快解决RCEP谈判遗留问题，最终达成一个现代、全面、高水平、互惠共赢的自贸协定。我们要加强10+3供应链互联互通研究与合作，完善地区供应链和价值链，增强发展韧性。同时，以更积极姿态推进中日韩自贸区谈判，为东亚经济共同体建设注入新活力。
We need to speed up FTA building. East Asia is one of the most dynamic growth areas in the world. With free trade and market opening policies widely pursued in the region, East Asia enjoys huge potential in intra-regional trade. Trade among APT countries has now reached US$4.7 trillion, accounting for almost half of our total foreign trade. Regional free trade arrangements have been thriving. ASEAN has established the ASEAN Economic Community and developed bilateral free trade arrangements with China, Japan and the ROK respectively. RCEP, with its extensive membership, will help lay an important foundation for East Asia economic integration, as it reflects the practical realities of our region and seeks to accommodate the interests and concerns of different countries. Substantial progress has been made in RCEP negotiations this year. This has made us more confident in the prospect of an early conclusion. China will work with all other parties to settle the left-over issues as soon as possible in order to conclude a modern, comprehensive, high-standard and mutually beneficial free trade agreement. It is important for us to step up research and cooperation on supply chain connectivity among APT countries to improve regional supply chain and value chain and enhance resilience in development. At the same time, we will more proactively advance the China-Japan-ROK FTA negotiations to inject a fresh impetus to the building of the EAEC.
强化金融安全。财金合作是10+3起步最早、成果最实的领域。面对国际资本市场不确定性增加、地区金融风险上升的形势，我们应切实提高清迈倡议多边化的可用性、有效性和安全性，研究本币出资。支持10+3宏观经济研究办公室提高经济监测能力，强化区域金融风险预防与救助体系。中方将向区域信用担保与投资基金增资，愿与地区国家共同推进本币债券市场发展，增强地区金融稳定。
We need to enhance financial security. Financial cooperation is the earliest and most fruitful area of cooperation in the APT framework. Faced with rising uncertainties in the international capital markets and growing financial risks in the region, we need to take concrete steps to make the Chiang Mai Initiative Multilateralisation safer, more effective and more readily available, and explore the possibilities of using local currencies. Efforts should be made to support the ASEAN+3 Macroeconomic Research Office in improving its economic surveillance capacity and consolidate regional mechanisms for financial risk prevention and rescue. China will contribute additional funding to the Credit Guarantee and Investment Facility and work with regional countries to develop local currency bond markets for greater regional financial stability.
开拓创新合作。新一轮世界科技革命和产业变革方兴未艾，大数据、物联网、人工智能等新技术、新产业迅猛发展，给地区国家带来新的发展与合作机遇。中日韩都是创新大国，东盟正积极建设智慧城市网络。创新可以成为10+3合作新的增长点。各方应加强创新政策沟通与对接，广泛开展产学研创新合作，促进创新人力资源开发与网络建设。中方倡议明年举办10+3青年科学家论坛，欢迎各方积极参与今年8月在中国成立的10+3中小企业服务联盟，打造地区创新交流合作平台。
We need to broaden innovation cooperation. With a new wave of technological and industrial revolution gaining momentum, the burgeoning new technologies and industries such as big data, the Internet of Things and AI are bringing new opportunities to regional countries in terms of development and cooperation. China, Japan and the ROK are all big innovators and the ASEAN has been actively pursuing a Smart Cities Network (ASCN). In this context, innovation could be a new growth driver to APT cooperation. We need to strengthen innovation policy exchanges and communication, conduct extensive innovation cooperation among industries, universities and research institutes, and make greater efforts in human resource development and in creating networks of innovators. China proposes to host an APT Young Scientists Forum next year and welcomes the active participation of all parties in the APT SME Service Alliance launched in China last August, with a view to developing a regional platform for innovation exchanges and cooperation.
促进包容发展。10+3成员处于不同发展阶段，发展不平衡不充分仍较突出。如何让地区发展成果更多惠及各国人民，是我们面临的重要课题。共建“一带一路”倡议为促进包容普惠发展提供了新平台。中方愿加强共建“一带一路”倡议与东盟互联互通总体规划深入对接，推进地区更大范围的互联互通，加强在交通、能源、信息等领域的基础设施建设，促进经济发展，缩小地区发展差距。中日韩正探讨以“中日韩+X”的方式，在产能、生态环保、灾害管理、卫生、减贫等领域优先与东盟国家开展合作，促进地区可持续发展。
We need to promote inclusive development. Given APT countries’ different development stages, unbalanced and inadequate development remains a prominent challenge in our region. It is, therefore, incumbent on us to work out ways of delivering more benefits of regional development to our peoples. Our joint effort to advance the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) offers a new platform for advancing inclusive development. China will work to further synergize the BRI with the Master Plan on ASEAN Connectivity (MPAC), promote greater connectivity across the region and build stronger transport, energy and information infrastructure. This will be conducive to stronger growth and to narrowing the development gap in our region. China, Japan and the ROK are exploring a “China-Japan-ROK+X” model to prioritize cooperation with ASEAN countries in industrial capacity, environmental protection, disaster management, health and poverty reduction, with a view to promoting sustainable development of our region.
拉紧人文纽带。10+3国家民间友好往来源远流长、基础深厚，成为地区合作不断深化的有力保障。我们应进一步加强文化、教育、旅游、媒体、青年等领域合作，扩大民众间交流，增进相互了解与信任。中方倡议在“东亚文化之都”和“东盟文化城市”基础上建立“10+3文化城市网络”。开拓在青年领域的合作，实施好《10+3旅游合作备忘录》，开展联合办学、学分学历互认等教育合作，用好10+3合作基金，推动人文交流。继续发挥好东亚论坛、东亚思想库网络等平台作用，为东亚合作建言献策。中方将继续办好10+3大学校长论坛、10+3媒体合作研讨会、“了解中国”等项目，营造开放对话、互学互鉴良好氛围。
We need to forge closer ties among our peoples. The friendly exchanges among our peoples are deeply rooted in history and have lent strong support to closer regional cooperation. We need to strengthen cooperation in culture, education, tourism, media and youth, expand people-to-people exchanges and deepen mutual trust and understanding. China proposes to develop an APT cultural cities network on the basis of East Asian Cultural Cities and the ASEAN City of Culture. We will expand cooperation between our youths, implement the Memorandum of Cooperation on APT Tourism Cooperation, and carry out education cooperation including running joint universities and mutually recognizing credits and diplomas. We can make full use of APT Cooperation Fund to promote cultural exchanges. The East Asia Forum and the Network of East Asian Think-Tanks should be fully leveraged to facilitate East Asian cooperation. China will continue to run the APT Rectors’ Conference, the APT Media Cooperation Forum and the “Understanding China” program to foster an enabling environment for open dialogue and mutual learning.
当前朝鲜半岛形势总体延续对话缓和势头。有关各方保持对话互动，半岛问题政治解决既面临机遇，也存在挑战。中方一贯坚持实现半岛无核化，坚持维护半岛和平稳定，坚持通过对话协商解决问题。中方一直致力于劝和促谈，推动实现半岛无核化和持久和平。作为半岛近邻，中方愿继续为实现半岛及本地区长治久安作出应有努力。
On the Korean Peninsula, we have seen continued momentum of dialogue and de-escalation on the whole, with various parties maintaining dialogue and interactions. This has presented opportunities for political resolution of this issue, yet challenges remain. China stays committed to denuclearization, to peace and stability of the Peninsula and to resolution through dialogue and consultation. We have endeavored to promote dialogue for peace and move toward the goal of a nuclear-free and peaceful Peninsula. As a close neighbor, China will continue to do its part for lasting peace and stability on the Peninsula and in the wider region.
各位同事，
Colleagues,
今年以来，中国经济保持总体平稳，主要指标保持在合理区间。前三季度，国内生产总值同比增长6.7%，全国城镇新增就业超1100万人，城镇调查失业率稳定在5%左右，居民消费价格温和上涨，外汇储备保持在3万亿美元以上。经济结构加快调整，消费和服务作为经济增长主动力的作用进一步增强，高技术产业、装备制造业、信息技术服务业快速增长，规模以上工业企业利润保持两位数增长，新设企业平均每天超过1.8万户，新动能对经济增长的贡献率超过30%。当前中国经济的基本面是健康的。
This year the Chinese economy has on the whole maintained stable development, with major indicators performing within a proper range. GDP grew by 6.7% year on year in the first three quarters. More than 11 million new jobs were created in towns and cities, which kept the surveyed urban unemployment rate stable at round 5 percent. CPI registered moderate growth. Foreign exchange reserves have been maintained at above US$3 trillion. Structural adjustment has picked up pace, with consumption and services playing a stronger role as the main engine of growth. High-tech, equipment manufacturing and IT services industries have all seen fast expansion. Profits of large-scale companies have been growing at double-digit rates. Over 18,000 new businesses are set up on an average day. New drivers now contribute over 30 percent to economic growth. All in all, China’s economic fundamentals remain sound.
受外部环境明显变化等因素影响，中国经济增长也面临一些突出矛盾和问题。但中国经济发展的内生动力在不断增强，发展韧性、潜力和回旋余地大。新型工业化、信息化、城镇化、农业现代化同步发展，拥有9亿劳动力、1.7亿多受过高等教育或拥有专业技能的人才，人力资本优势突出，13亿多人口的消费市场升级加速，中等收入群体日益扩大，宏观调控手段和政策储备依然充足。我们有条件、有能力应对各种风险挑战，实现经济社会发展的预期目标，推动中国经济实现高质量发展。
That said, affected by factors such as shifting dynamics in its external environment, China is also faced with notable challenges in maintaining growth. Nevertheless, thanks to ever stronger internal engines of growth, the Chinese economy has acquired great resilience, huge potential and broad room for maneuver. We are seeing parallel progress in the new type of industrialization, IT application, urbanization and agricultural modernization. We have a 900 million-strong labor force, over 170 million of whom have had higher education or professional training, providing abundant supply of human capital. With the swelling ranks of middle-income earners, there has also been accelerated upgrading of consumption in the market of over 1.3 billion people. With ample policy tools and means for macro regulation at our disposal, we are well-placed and well-equipped to tackle all kinds of risks and challenges, and we will be able to deliver our targets for economic and social development, and move the Chinese economy toward high-quality development.
今年是中国改革开放40周年。40年来，中国不仅实现了自身的快速发展，也为世界各国提供了发展机遇。中国对外贸易额年均增长14.5%，多年对世界经济增长贡献超过30%，已成为世界大多数国家的主要贸易伙伴。我们将深入推进简政放权、放管结合、优化服务等改革，提高政策透明度，实行公平公正监管；进一步放宽金融等服务业、制造业等领域外资市场准入限制，降低商品进口关税，加强知识产权保护，打造公平竞争的市场环境和国际一流的营商环境。
This year marks the 40th anniversary of reform and opening-up in China. In the past four decades, China has not only realized fast development at home but also created development opportunities for countries around the world. China’s foreign trade grew at an average annual rate of 14.5%, making China a major trading partner for most countries in the world. For many years now, China has contributed over 30 percent to world growth. We will continue to press ahead with reforms to streamline administration, delegate government powers, enhance regulation where necessary and improve government services. Our policies will be more transparent and our regulations fairer and more impartial. We will further widen access by foreign investors to China’s financial and other services sectors as well as the manufacturing sector and cut import tariffs on goods. Efforts will also be made to strengthen IPR protection, create a level-playing field and foster a world-class business environment.
前不久，首届中国国际进口博览会在上海成功举办。这是中国政府推进新一轮高水平对外开放的重大行动，也是中国支持经济全球化、促进自由贸易的重大举措。进博会期间，中国与东盟10国和日韩达成意向成交额109亿美元，日本、韩国是参展企业数最多的两个国家。预计未来15年，中国进口商品和服务将分别超过30万亿美元和10万亿美元，为世界各国企业进入中国市场提供更大更多机遇，进而为推动地区和世界经济发展作出积极贡献。
The first China International Import Expo held successfully in Shanghai a few days ago represented a major step by the Chinese government to advance a new round of high-quality opening-up. It was also meant to show support for economic globalization and promote free trade. At the Expo, China reached intended deals worth US$10.9 billion with the ten ASEAN countries and Japan and the ROK. And Japan and the ROK became the top two countries in the number of participating companies. It is estimated that in the coming 15 years, China will import more than US$30 trillion worth of goods and US$10 trillion in services. It will create bigger and greater opportunities for businesses all over the world to access the Chinese market, which will contribute to the growth of our region and the world.
各位同事，
Colleagues,
10+3合作正处于发展壮大的关键阶段，面临加快推进的难得契机。中方愿与各方一道，凝聚共识，密切协作，深化各领域务实合作，推动东亚经济共同体建设不断前进，共创地区美好未来。
APT cooperation, which is now at an important stage of further expansion, faces a rare opportunity for even faster progress. China will work with all other parties to build consensus, enhance collaboration and deepen practical cooperation across the board to advance the building of the EAEC and deliver a better future for our region.
谢谢大家。
Thank you.