在第八次中国－中东欧国家领导人会晤上的讲话
Speech at the Eighth Summit of Heads of Government of China and Central and Eastern European Countries
中华人民共和国国务院总理 李克强
H.E. Li Keqiang, Premier of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China
2019年4月12日，杜布罗夫尼克
Dubrovnik, April 12, 2019
尊敬的普连科维奇总理，
各位同事：
Prime Minister Andrej Plenkovic,
Colleagues,
很高兴同大家在“亚得里亚海上的明珠”——杜布罗夫尼克相聚。我谨代表中国政府，对克罗地亚和普连科维奇总理为此次会晤所做精心准备和周到安排表示衷心感谢。欢迎希腊成为中国－中东欧合作的正式成员，对奥地利、白俄罗斯、欧盟、瑞士和欧洲复兴开发银行作为观察员与会表示欢迎。
It gives me great pleasure to join you in Dubrovnik, known as the Pearl of the Adriatic. Let me first express, on behalf of the Chinese government, sincere appreciation to the host country Croatia and Prime Minister Plenkovic for the thoughtful preparations and arrangements made for the summit. I wish to welcome Greece joining as a full-fledged participant of China-CEEC cooperation, and welcome Austria, Belarus, the European Union, Switzerland and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development to the summit as observers.
当前中欧关系发展势头总体良好。前不久，习近平主席成功访问欧洲三国，为中欧全面战略伙伴关系深入发展注入了新动力。“16+1合作”作为中欧关系重要组成部分，在各方共同努力下不断向前推进，已成为开放包容、互利共赢的跨区域合作平台，为推动各自经济增长、增进民众福祉、促进中欧关系发展作出了积极贡献。
China-EU relations are now showing a good momentum. Not long ago, President Xi Jinping paid a successful visit to three European countries, lending fresh impetus to deepening China-EU comprehensive strategic partnership. Thanks to the joint efforts of all parties involved, “16+1 cooperation”, as an important component of overall China-Europe relations, has steadily moved forward and evolved into an open and inclusive platform for cross-regional cooperation of mutual benefit. It has played a positive role in boosting the economic growth of participating countries, improving their people’s wellbeing and advancing China-Europe relations as a whole.
我高兴地看到，去年“16+1合作”又取得一系列新成果。中国与中东欧国家间贸易保持大幅增长，匈塞铁路、克罗地亚佩列沙茨跨海大桥等大项目取得新进展，黑山与中国、马耳他三方合作的莫祖拉风电项目稳步推进，德国曼海姆开通途经波兰至重庆的中欧班列新线路。中国公民赴中东欧国家旅游人数超过140万人次，中东欧国家来华旅游达到35万人次。其他领域合作深入开展。共建“一带一路”合作正有序展开。
New and encouraging progress was made in China-CEEC cooperation last year. Trade between China and the CEE countries saw substantial growth. Landmark projects such as the Budapest-Belgrade railway and the Peljesac Bridge in Croatia made new progress. The Mozura wind farm, a Montenegro-China-Malta trilateral project, is well underway. A new China-Europe freight train service was launched from Mannheim to Chongqing via Poland. Over 1.4 million visits were made by Chinese tourists to the CEE countries, and people from the CEE countries made 350,000 trips to China. Cooperation in other areas saw similar growth, and cooperation under the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has been moving forward smoothly.
“16+1合作”是全球化时代背景下跨区域多边合作的一个代表，源于双方经济发展的相似性和互补性，与经济全球化和自由贸易潮流是一致的，世界上还有不少类似的平台。我们的合作契合各方发展需要，是务实的合作。“16+1合作”体现了以中东欧16国为主导的合作框架。我们坚持相互尊重、平等相待原则，在重大问题上照顾彼此关切，从各国实际出发制定合作规划、确定合作项目，确保了合作务实管用，赢得各方广泛参与和大力支持。“16+1合作”秉持开放包容精神，遵循包括世贸组织规则在内的国际通行规则和欧盟法律法规，尊重16国中欧盟成员国应履行的责任和义务。我们坚持贸易与投资并重、经济与人文结合，不仅推动了相互之间实现共同发展，也促进了欧洲均衡发展和一体化水平提升，成为中欧全方位合作的重要支柱。
China-CEEC cooperation is a good example of cross-regional and multilateral cooperation in the era of globalization. It builds on the economic similarity and complementarity of the participating countries, and is consistent with the trend of economic globalization and free trade. Cooperation platforms like this abound in the world. Our cooperation, which is results-oriented, meets the development needs of all participating countries. In pursuing China-CEEC cooperation, we have established a framework with the CEE countries in the driver’s seat. We have followed the principle of mutual respect and equality, been sensitive to each other’s major concerns, and taken into full account the realities of the countries concerned in making cooperation plans and identifying projects. This approach has helped ensure that our cooperation truly delivers, and as a result, the China-CEEC framework has attracted wide participation and strong support. Embracing the spirit of openness and inclusiveness, we have adhered to internationally recognized rules, including those of the WTO and followed EU laws and regulations in China-CEEC cooperation, and respected the responsibilities and obligations of the CEE countries which are also EU members. In pursuing China-CEEC cooperation, we have given equal importance to trade and investment, and advanced economic cooperation and people-to-people exchanges in parallel. The China-CEEC cooperation has promoted the common development of all participating countries, and contributed to more balanced development in Europe and European integration, providing an important underpinning for all-round cooperation between China and Europe.
各位同事，
Colleagues,
当前国际形势正在经历深刻复杂变化。和平与发展仍然是时代主题，新一轮科技和产业革命孕育兴起带来新的发展机遇。但全球经济增长放缓，保护主义、单边主义加剧，地区热点问题此起彼伏，不稳定不确定因素增多。近期主要国际机构连续下调世界经济增长预期，各国发展面临挑战。新形势下，我们的共同利益在增加，相互需求也在增加。携手推进“16+1合作”向更大范围、更宽领域、更高层次发展，不仅将更多造福中东欧国家和中国人民，也会有力推动世界经济稳定发展。
Our world is undergoing profound and complex changes, yet peace and development remain the theme of our time. While a new round of technological and industrial revolution brings new opportunities for development, we are also faced with the challenges of slowing growth, rising protectionism and unilateralism, and an array of regional hotspot issues, giving rise to even greater instability and uncertainty. Major international institutions have recently revised downward their global growth forecasts. Under these new circumstances, our common interests have been growing and so has our mutual need. By working together to broaden and upgrade China-CEEC cooperation, we will not just bring greater benefits to the people of China and CEE countries, but also boost the steady growth of the world economy.
本次会晤以“搭建开放、创新、伙伴之桥”为主题，具有很强的针对性和现实意义。
With this larger context in mind, the theme of our summit this year: Building New Bridges Through Openness, Innovation and Partnership is particularly focused and relevant.
要让开放之桥越来越宽广。“16+1合作”是开放合作的推动者，不仅体现在中国同16国之间双向开放市场，而且对其他欧盟及域外国家也是开放的。中国是改革开放的受益者，刚刚通过的《外商投资法》明确发出推动高水平对外开放的信号，这必将有助于为中东欧企业赴华投资提供规范化法治化营商环境，也希望中东欧国家为进口中国的电子通信、清洁能源等中高端产品提供便利。
We need to build the bridges through greater openness. China-CEEC cooperation is a catalyst for open cooperation. It is not just about two-way opening of markets between China and the CEE countries, but also about being open to the EU and to countries outside the region. China is a beneficiary of reform and opening-up. The just-adopted Foreign Investment Law has sent a clear signal of China’s commitment to opening-up at a higher level. This will help create a well-regulated and law-based business environment for CEE enterprises in making investments in China. Likewise, we hope CEE countries could provide more convenience for the import of medium and high-end Chinese products such as in the electronics, communications and clean energy sectors.
要让创新之桥越来越畅通。“16+1合作”短短7年间从无到有、日渐成熟，本身就是一种创新，它打造了跨区域多国合作的新平台，也开辟了中欧合作的新途径。务实合作领域也在不断创新，从经贸到人文、从政府到地方，已经建立了20多个合作机制，而且每年都有新内容、新形式。特别是科技和创新合作成为新亮点，与欧盟共同开展的三方合作实现了多赢，呈现出广阔前景。
We need to build the bridges through unimpeded innovation. China-CEEC cooperation, which started small but developed into a maturing mechanism in just seven years, is an act of innovation in itself. It has built a new platform for cross-regional, multi-party cooperation, and created a new channel for China-Europe cooperation. It has explored new areas of practical cooperation, and established over 20 mechanisms in areas from economy and trade to cultural and people-to-people links, and from government cooperation to subnational exchanges, with new contents and forms of cooperation added every year. In particular, science, technology and innovation have become new highlights of cooperation, and third-party cooperation with the EU has generated benefits to all parties and demonstrated a broad prospect.
要让伙伴之桥越来越牢固。“16+1合作”是多边主义的有力实践，使中国和中东欧国家成为日益紧密的合作伙伴，开创了不同社会制度、不同文化传统、不同发展阶段的多个国家和谐相处、包容发展、合作共赢的典范。“16+1全球伙伴中心”今天将举行揭牌仪式，目的是为双方企业拓展贸易投资合作提供政策、法律咨询和智力支持，欢迎中东欧国家及欧盟学术机构踊跃参与中心活动。
We need to build the bridges through stronger partnership. China-CEEC cooperation is a robust practice of multilateralism. By building closer partnership between China and the CEE countries, it has served as a model of harmonious co-existence, inclusive development and win-win cooperation among countries with different social systems, cultural traditions and levels of development. The China-CEEC Global Partnership Center to be inaugurated later today aims to provide policy and legal advice and intellectual support for enterprises from both sides in expanding trade and investment cooperation. We welcome the active participation of academic institutions from CEE countries and the EU in the center’s activities.
期待大家发表真知灼见，凝聚深化务实合作共识。
I look forward to hearing your insights and building greater common understanding with you on further deepening our practical cooperation.
各位同事，
Colleagues,
中方愿同16国分享中国发展机遇，培育“16+1合作”新动能。关于下一步合作，我愿提几点建议：
China wishes to share its development opportunities with the CEE countries and foster new drivers for China-CEEC cooperation. Here I wish to make the following proposals on our future cooperation.
第一，共同维护多边贸易体制。“16+1合作”走向深化，离不开自由开放的国际贸易投资环境。以规则为基础、以世贸组织为核心的多边贸易体制，是各方总结历史教训、经过长期艰辛努力建立起来的，在全球经贸体系中发挥着不可替代的作用。世贸组织规则确有不足之处，需要与时俱进加以改革和完善，增强其权威性和有效性，中国对此持积极态度。但改革不是另起炉灶，也不是服务于少数国家利益。世贸组织的开放、透明、包容、非歧视等基本原则和核心价值不能改，贸易自由化方向不能变，否则就会导致全球贸易失序、增长受阻。中国作为发展中国家，认为改革应照顾大多数成员的关切，维护发展中成员的发展权益、特殊与差别待遇，有利于缩小南北差距。中国愿与中东欧国家一道，致力于促进经济全球化，共同维护多边主义，推动全球治理体系朝着更加公正合理方向发展。
First, we need to jointly uphold the multilateral trading system. A free and open international trade and investment environment is essential for deepening China-CEEC cooperation. The rules-based and WTO-centered multilateral trading system, which was established on the basis of historical lessons and through sustained and hard work by all parties, plays an irreplaceable role in the global economic and trade system. It is true that certain aspects of the WTO rules need to be reformed and improved to reflect changing realities and enhance their authority and effectiveness. China also takes a positive stand to the WTO reform. That said, the reform does not mean starting all over again or serving the interests of only a small number of countries. The fundamental principles and core values of the WTO, such as openness, transparency, inclusiveness and non-discrimination, should remain unchanged. Nor should there be any change in the direction of trade liberalization. Otherwise, the reform may disrupt global trade and stall global growth. As a developing country, China believes that the reform should accommodate the concerns of the majority of WTO members, uphold the development rights and interests and the special and differential treatment of developing members, and create conditions for narrowing the North-South gap. China stands ready to work with CEE countries to advance economic globalization, uphold multilateralism, and make the global governance system more just and equitable.
第二，进一步扩大贸易规模。中国与中东欧国家经贸合作潜力大。去年在全球贸易增速放缓的背景下，中国与中东欧国家经贸合作保持逆势上扬，双方贸易额增长21%、达到822亿美元。中方不追求顺差，重视在扩大贸易规模的同时优化贸易结构，想方设法扩大进口，以促进贸易平衡。中东欧国家农产品质优价廉，深受中国消费者欢迎。2018年双方农产品贸易额超过12亿美元，其中葡萄酒、乳品比2014年分别增长了37.6%和85.5%。为更好满足中国民众多样化的消费需求，中方愿进口更多中东欧特色优质农产品。中方将进一步加快检验检疫准入程序，为中东欧优质农产品输华提供便利。
Second, we need to further expand our trade volume. Economic and trade cooperation between China and the CEE countries promises a huge potential. Last year, bucking the global trend of slowing trade growth, China-CEE trade saw a robust increase of 21 percent, reaching 82.2 billion U.S. dollars. China does not seek trade surpluses. What we want is an improving trade structure along with growing trade. We will explore every possible means to increase imports as a way to promote balanced trade. The quality yet inexpensive agricultural products from CEE countries are popular in China. Last year, China-CEEC agricultural trade exceeded 1.2 billion U.S. dollars, with wine and dairy product trade up by 37.6 percent and 85.5 percent respectively over 2014. To meet the diverse needs of Chinese consumers, we are ready to import more specialty and quality agricultural products from CEE countries. To this end, China will further speed up the inspection and quarantine process and facilitate the export of high-quality agricultural products from the CEE countries to China.
第三，推进共建“一带一路”合作。“一带一路”倡议秉持共商共建共享原则，坚持开放、透明、包容，不是要替代现有地区合作机制和倡议，而是要在已有基础上推动沿线国家走向互利共赢、共同发展。中东欧16国都与中方签署了共建“一带一路”合作文件，前不久意大利、卢森堡等欧洲国家也同中方签署了有关合作备忘录。我们愿同中东欧乃至欧洲国家加强发展战略对接，更好发挥互补优势，开展推动跨国互联互通、国际产能和装备制造等领域合作，提高经贸投资合作水平，努力实现合作共赢、共同繁荣。第二届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛将于本月底在北京举行，各方将共商推动共建“一带一路”的合作举措。
Third, we need to promote cooperation on the development of the BRI. The BRI follows the approach of consultation and collaboration for shared benefits, and upholds the principles of openness, transparency and inclusiveness. It is not meant to replace existing mechanisms and initiatives on regional cooperation, but to build on the good foundations to promote win-win and common development of all participating countries. All the 16 CEE countries have signed BRI cooperation agreements with China. Recently, European countries such as Italy and Luxemburg have also signed such MOUs with China. China is committed to strengthening the complementarity of development strategies with CEE and other European countries to better leverage our comparative strengths. We also stand ready to promote cooperation on cross-border connectivity, industrial capacity and equipment manufacturing to boost the level of economic, trade and investment cooperation and achieve win-win outcomes and common prosperity. The second Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation will be held at the end of this month in Beijing, where the parties will explore new ways to promote BRI cooperation through further consultations.
第四，大力拓展创新合作。中国和中东欧国家在创新发展中各具优势，合作空间很大。中方愿与16国政府共同努力，推动各方开展联合研究、共建实验室，扩大科技人员及科普领域交流。我们要认真落实“16+1科技创新伙伴计划”，继续办好“16+1”创新合作大会，并在数字经济、电子商务、金融科技、智慧城市等领域培育创新合作增长点。各方应共同维护公平、公正、非歧视的市场环境，促进创新合作顺利发展。发展绿色经济是中国和中东欧国家的共同追求，也是双方创新合作的重要组成部分。我们要用好新成立的“16+1”环保合作机制，鼓励地方间实施环保示范项目，开展联合研究、环保技术合作，扩大风能、太阳能等清洁能源联合开发，推动相关机构通过发行绿色金融债等手段支持绿色经济合作项目，为“16+1合作”增添绿色含量。
Fourth, we need to step up efforts to expand innovation cooperation. Given our comparative strengths in innovation, there is much space to tap in our cooperation. The Chinese side will work with CEEC governments to encourage cooperation in joint research and joint laboratories, and expand exchanges between scientists and in science popularization. We need to earnestly implement the Science, Technology and Innovation Partnership, hold a successful Conference on Innovation Cooperation, and foster new areas of innovation cooperation such as digital economy, e-commerce, FinTech, and smart cities. We need to work together to maintain a fair, just and non-discriminatory market environment to pave the way for progress in innovation cooperation. Developing the green economy is the shared goal of China and the CEE countries and an important part of innovation cooperation between the two sides. We need to make good use of the new Environmental Protection Cooperation Mechanism, encourage subnational cooperation on the implementation of environmental protection demonstration projects, promote cooperation in joint research and environmental protection technology, and expand joint development of wind, solar and other clean sources of energy. We also need to encourage relevant institutions to support cooperation projects on the green economy through issuing green bonds and other means to increase the green elements of China-CEEC cooperation.
第五，持续推动中小企业和产业园区建设合作。中国和中东欧国家都拥有大量中小企业，它们是扩大就业的主要渠道和技术创新的重要源头，应置于“16+1合作”的重要位置。本次经贸论坛期间将举行“16+1”中小企业跨境对接会，希望取得更多合作成果。中方欢迎克罗地亚启动“16+1中小企业协调机制”网站，欢迎16国中小企业积极参加第二届中国国际进口博览会。产业园区是中小企业集群式发展、形成规模经济的有效平台，推进园区建设也是加强各国中小企业跨境合作的重要途径。要统筹建设好浙江宁波“16+1”经贸合作示范区、河北沧州“16+1”中小企业合作区、长三角园区“16+1”人文交流基地和中国（辽宁）中东欧16国国家馆，为企业经贸合作牵线搭桥。欢迎中东欧国家以多种方式参与园区建设，中方也将不断完善相关法律法规，为中东欧企业在华投资营造良好环境。
Fifth, we need to continue to advance cooperation between our SMEs (small and medium-sized enterprises) and on industrial park development. Both China and CEE countries have a large number of SMEs, which are important sources of jobs and innovation. They deserve an important place in China-CEEC cooperation. The SMEs Cross-Border Matchmaking Event to be held during the Business Forum is expected to deliver more results in this field. China welcomes the launch of the Coordination Mechanism for SMEs website in Croatia, and welcomes SMEs from CEE countries to participate in the second China International Import Expo. Industrial parks provide an effective platform for SMEs to achieve cluster development and economies of scale, and serve as an important channel for enhancing cross-border SME cooperation. We need to ensure the smooth operation of the China-CEEC Demonstration Zone for Economic Cooperation and Trade in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, the SMEs Cooperation Zone in Cangzhou, Hebei Province, the People-to-People Exchange and Experience Headquarters in the Yangtze River Delta Industrial Zone, and the China (Liaoning) CEEC Pavilion to build bridges for cooperation between our businesses. We welcome CEE countries’ participation in the development of industrial parks in various forms, and will continue to improve laws and regulations to create an enabling investment climate for companies from CEE countries in China.
第六，深入开展人文交流合作。友谊之树根基深厚，互利合作枝繁叶茂。要以举办“16+1教育、青年交流年”为契机，办好“16+1”教育政策对话和高校联合会会议，中方愿邀请中东欧国家教育官员和校长来华参观访问，加强双方高校交流合作，共同开展教育能力建设项目，继续支持孔子学院发展，为中东欧国家民众学习中文提供更好服务。支持尽早设立“16+1”青年发展中心，继续举办“16+1”青年研修交流营，办好“16+1”大学生冬季运动节，增进17国青年间相互了解和友好情谊。要发挥好“16+1”文化合作协调中心作用，促进文明对话和民心相通。要用好既有合作平台，扩大双方在地方、旅游、卫生、体育、智库等领域交流合作。办好“16+1”首都市长论坛，推动中国与中东欧国家省州市区直接开展合作。中东欧国家自然风光秀美，历史文化积淀深厚，旅游资源丰富，是受中国游客青睐的目的地之一。中方欢迎中东欧企业在华举办旅游博览会进行推介，愿考虑在条件成熟时开通更多民航直航航线，为中国游客的中东欧之行提供便利。
Sixth, we need to deepen people-to-people and cultural exchanges and cooperation. China-CEEC friendship has taken deep roots, and mutually beneficial cooperation between the two sides has yielded fruitful results. We need to build on the positive momentum generated by the China-CEEC Education and Youth Exchange Year to ensure the success of the China-CEEC Education Policy Dialogue and the meeting of the China-CEEC Higher Education Institutions Consortium. China will invite education officials and heads of universities of CEE countries to visit China to promote cooperation between institutions of higher education and carry out capacity building programs in educational fields. China will continue to support the development of Confucius Institutes to provide better services for the people of CEE countries to learn the Chinese language. China supports the establishment of a China-CEEC Youth Development Center at an early date and will continue to hold China-CEEC youth camps and university winter sports festivals to enhance mutual understanding and friendship between the young people of our countries. We need to give better play to the role of the China-CEEC Coordination Center for Cultural Cooperation in promoting cultural dialogue and people-to-people communication. We need to make good use of existing platforms to expand cooperation between our local governments and think tanks as well as in tourism, health, sports and other fields. We need to hold a successful China-CEEC Forum of Capital City Mayors to encourage direct cooperation between our local governments. The beautiful landscapes, profound historical and cultural legacies, and rich tourism resources have made CEE countries popular destinations for Chinese tourists. China welcomes the holding of tourism expos in China by companies from CEE countries. As conditions permit, China is ready to explore the possibility of opening more direct flights to facilitate the travel of Chinese tourists to CEE countries.
在此我愿宣布，中方将于明年在华举办第九次“16+1”领导人会晤。这是中方继2015年苏州会晤后再次举办领导人会晤。期待各位同事届时来华与会，共同描绘“16+1合作”未来发展新蓝图。
Here, I would like to announce that China will host the ninth China-CEEC Summit next year. It will be the second summit to be held in China after the Suzhou Summit in 2015. I look forward to seeing you all in China and working with you to map out the blueprint for China-CEEC cooperation.
各位同事，
Colleagues,
今年是中华人民共和国成立70周年，也是中国与部分中东欧国家建交70周年。过去70年，我们之间的友好合作取得长足进展；面向未来，中国愿与中东欧国家携手拓展更大合作空间。克罗地亚有句谚语：“积谷成面包，垒石筑宫殿”。中国人也常说，“聚细流而成江海”。只要我们齐心协力、锲而不舍，“16+1合作”之路一定会越走越宽广，更好造福17国人民，为促进中欧友好合作和世界和平发展作出新的贡献。
This year marks the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China as well as the establishment of diplomatic ties between China and some CEE countries. Building on the good progress we have made in our friendly cooperation over the past seven decades, China is ready to work with CEE countries to open up greater space for our cooperation. As a Croatian proverb goes, “The bread is made of numerous grains while the palace is built out of many stones.” Similarly, we in China often say, “Tiny streams converge to make rivers and seas.” As long as we all pitch in and persist in our efforts, China-CEEC cooperation will only grow stronger, deliver greater benefits to our peoples, and make new contribution to China-Europe friendship and cooperation as well as world peace and development.
谢谢大家！
Thank you.