双语资料:贸易战不得人心,合作共赢才是人间正道
发布时间:2019年10月31日
发布人:nanyuzi  

贸易战不得人心,合作共赢才是人间正道

No Popularity for Trade War and Win-win Cooperation Is the Right Way Ahead

 

驻纳米比亚大使张益明在纳主流媒体《新时代报》发表署名文章

Zhang Yiming Chinese Ambassador in Namibia Published an Article in New Era

 

2019年5月24日

24 May 2019

 

当贸易战的“灰犀牛”横冲直撞,许多人担忧全球经济危机的“黑天鹅”来袭。最近一段时间,中美两个世界最大经济体间的贸易摩擦再度升级,中美经贸磋商未达成任何协议,引发各界关注。很多纳米比亚朋友问我的看法,我的回答是:中国不愿打贸易战,但也不怕打贸易战。我们有底气、有决心、有信心、有能力应对任何风险挑战,打赢这场贸易战。我们绝不屈服于任何极限施压,没有任何力量能阻挡中国发展的步伐和中国改革开放的大势。我们反对任何单边主义和霸凌主义,世界经济发展唯有合作共赢才是正道!

As the “Grey Rhino” of China-US trade war rampages, many people worried that the “Black Swan” of global economic crisis might come in the aftermath. In recent times, there are concerns over an escalated trade war with no consensus reached in the consultations between China and the United States, the two largest economies in the world. Many Namibian friends asked my opinion on it. Here is my answer. China does not want a trade war, but it is not afraid of such one and would fight for it if necessary. We have high spirit, absolute determination and necessary ability to resolve any risks and challenges on the way to win this war. We will never succumb to any hegemonic pressure from outside. Nothing can stop China’s development characterized by reform and opening up. We oppose any forms of unilateralism and bullying, and we believe that win-win cooperation is the only right way to realize global economic development!

 

2018年3月以来,美国一再发起贸易摩擦攻势,并在短时间内不断升级,频频提出不合理要价,一次次骤然加征关税。2019年5月10日,美国再次借口中美贸易失衡,将对2000亿美元中国输美商品加征的关税从10%上调至25%。面对美方极端任性和无理霸凌,中国同步发表声明宣布不得不采取必要反制措施。

1

Since March, 2018, US has triggered and continuously escalated the trade war with China by proposing unreasonable charges repeatedly and raising tariffs abruptly. On 10th May, 2019, on the pretext of “unbalanced trade”, US once again decided to pose 25% tariffs from 10% on the imports goods worthy of 200 billion US dollars from China. Against such capriciousness and bullying, China simultaneously issued announcement about taking counter measures.

 

中美经贸磋商进程一再受挫,责任完全在美国。为避免对两国经济和全球贸易带来不利影响,中国始终以最大的耐心、善意和诚意与美国进行对话和磋商,尽最大努力推进谈判进程,以期扩大共识,缩小分歧。然而,美国却一再出尔反尔,动辄挥舞关税大棒反复“变脸”,完全不顾及大国形象和信誉。

China-US trade consultation process has been repeatedly thwarted, which were totally imputed to US. In order not to bring negative effects on the two countries’ economy and the global trade, China has remained engaged in dialogue and consultation with the utmost patience, goodwill and sincerity, and has done its utmost to push ahead negotiation with the US with the expect of narrowing differences and broadening consensus. However, U.S. has repeatedly turned its backs to the consultation, frequently “changing faces” by resorting to higher tariffs with no care about its own image and reputation in the face of the world.

 

“石可破也,而不可夺其坚。”任何妥协都是有原则和有底线的,中国虽然希望与美国达成协议,但中国不可能拿自己的国家尊严和核心利益做交易。

As an old saying goes: “The stones can be broken, but cannot be denied its solidness”. There are principles and bottom line for any compromise. Although China is willing to make an agreement with US, there is no way for China to compromise its national dignity and core interests.

 

美国作为世界头号经济强国和全球金融体系的主导者,长期以来占据了绝对优势,获得了巨大利益。然而,美国从倡导“自由贸易”突然转向“贸易保护主义”,极力推行单边主义,无视世界贸易组织针对发展中国家的授权原则,曲解“对等开放”,把广大发展中国家置于十分不利的贸易地位。此外,美无视国际规则,我行我素,打着“美国安全”旗号在全球横冲直撞,将美国法律域外效力运用到极致,频频实施长臂管辖,勒索胁迫跨国企业与美合作,否则动辄挥舞制裁大棒。

2

As the largest economic power in the world and the top player of the global financial system, the United States has long occupied an absolute advantage and gained enormous benefits. However, the US has shifted from “advocating free trade” to “embracing trade protectionism” unexpectedly. The US vigorously pursues unilateralism, ignoring duly privileges bestowed to developing countries under the framework of WTO, misinterpreting the conception of “peer-to-peer openness”, which places the developing countries in unfavorable trade status. Moreover, under the banner of “American security”, the US applies the extraterritorial effect of its domestic law to the fullest, ignoring the international rules and rampaging across the world capriciously. It frequently implements long-armed jurisdiction, forcing foreign enterprises cooperate with US government otherwise they will face the latter’s sanctions.

 

美国将中国视为战略竞争对手,对所谓“巨额贸易逆差”更是耿耿于怀,以贸易失衡为借口,编排各种污蔑,混淆视听,并加征关税实施经济霸凌,致使中美贸易摩擦一再升级。实际上,这暴露出部分美国政客看不清当今世界合作共赢是历史趋势,仍固守着“冷战思维”和“零和博弈”,认为中国的发展必然会动美国的奶酪,以致发生战略误判,自己制造出“修昔底德陷阱”。因此中美贸易摩擦,在一定程度上是进步与落后、自由贸易与保护主义、单边主义和多边主义的较量。

The US regards China as its strategic competitor, while what sticks in its throat is the so-called “huge trade deficit”. Consequently, the US smears China so as to confuse the public and uses trade imbalance as an excuse to impose huge tariffs, unleashing economic bullying, such as the current Sino-US trade frictions. It is self-evident that some American politicians are not aware that the historical trend of current world is “win-win cooperation”. They still adhere to the `mentality of Cold War and zero-sum game. They take it for granted that China’s development will inevitably encroach the American cheese. This is a strategic misjudgment that will dangerously create a “Thucydides trap” by themselves. Therefore, Sino-US trade friction is to some extent a contest between progress and backwardness, free trade and protectionism, unilateralism and multilateralism.

 

得道多助,失道寡助。在去年的第七十三届联合国大会一般性辩论上,绝大多数国家都批评美国的保护主义加剧了贸易摩擦,并认为单边主义和贸易保护主义是当前世界经济面临的最主要风险。美国奉行的单边主义、霸权主义做法不得人心,注定没有出路,美将吞下自己酿造的苦果。

There is a Chinese saying goes, “A just cause enjoys abundant support, while an unjust one finds little support”. At the general debate of the 73rd session of the UN General Assembly last year, most countries criticized US protectionism for exacerbating trade frictions and articulated that unilateralism and trade protectionism were the highest risk for current world economy. The unilateralism and hegemony pursued by the US are unpopular and destined to fail. The United States will swallow the bitter fruit of its own brewing.

 

面对贸易战,中国的立场始终明确,“贸易战没有赢家,中国不想打,但也不怕打”。我们对最坏的结果早有预判、早有准备。有人问,中国的底气和信心在哪里?是中国经济长期向好的基本面,不断增强的承压抗风险能力。今年4月以来,国际货币基金组织、花旗银行、摩根大通等国际金融机构纷纷上调2019年中国经济增长预期,路透社对今年以来中国经济的评价是“超预期地稳定”。

3

Facing the trade war, China’s position has always been clear, “there is no winner in the trade war. China does not want such a war, but it is not afraid to fight it”. We have long been preparing for the worst results. Someone asks where is China’s confidence from? I think it lies in the long-term positive fundamentals of the Chinese economy, and China is constantly strengthening its ability to withstand risks. Since April this year, some international financial institutions such as the International Monetary Fund, Citibank, and JP Morgan Chase have raised their expectations for China’s economic growth in 2019. Besides that, Reuters’ evaluation of China’s economy this year is “excessively stable.”

 

中国经济彰显强劲韧性。根据世界贸易组织公布的数据,2018年中国占全球进口、出口份额分别是10.8%和12.8,成为全球贸易运行的“稳定器”。此外,中国国内生产总值(GDP)增速连续14个季度保持在6.4%-6.8%区间,以超大经济体量保持着中高速增长。今年一季度,中国GDP约为21.3万亿元,比去年同期增长6.4%;货物贸易进出口额同比增长3.7%。第一季度末,中国外汇储备余额30988亿美元。

China’s economy is showing strong resilience. According to data released by the World Trade Organization, China’s share of global imports and exports in 2018 was 10.8% and 12.8 respectively, acting as a “stabilizer” of global trade. In addition, China’s gross domestic product (GDP) growth rate has remained 6.4%-6.8% in recent 14 consecutive quarters, achieving a medium-to-high-speed growth as a large economy. In the first quarter of this year, China’s GDP was about 21.3 trillion yuan, up 6.4% over the same period of last year; the import and export volume of goods trade increased by 3.7% year-on-year. China’s foreign exchange reserves stood at $3,088.8 billion by the end of March.

 

中国经济蕴藏无限潜能。中国有14亿人口的巨大市场空间,消费升级潜力无限。我相信,随着中国居民收入的不断稳定增长以及减税降费等刺激消费举措逐步显效,中国城乡居民消费需求将进一步释放。内需和消费成为拉动中国经济增长的重要引擎和助推器,也是中国经济稳定运行的压舱石。

China’s economy has unlimited potential. China has a huge market of 1.4 billion people, and its consumption upgrading potential is huge. As China’s residents’ income continues to grow steadily and tax incentives and other measures to stimulate consumption are gradually effective, China’s urban and rural residents’ consumption potential will be further released. To some extent, domestic demand and consumption have become important engines and boosters for China’s economic growth, and a ballast stone for the stable operation of China’s economy as well.

 

中国经济孕育创新动力。在全球新一轮技术产业变革中,中国抢抓机遇将创新作为引领发展的第一动力,以重要领域和关键关节的突破带动全局,在人工智能等前沿领域积聚优势,在大数据、云计算和移动互联网领域提前布局。今年第一季度,为我国高技术制造业和高技术服务业投资分别同比增长11.4%和19.3%。一批批创新产品、高新技术正成为中国经济增长的新亮点、新动力。

China’s economy is nurturing innovation. In the new round of global technology industry transformation, China seizes the opportunity to take innovation as the first driving force for development. China has made breakthroughs in key areas and key technologies, thus driving the overall development of innovation. We are accumulating advantages in frontier areas such as artificial intelligence and laying out in key areas of big data, cloud computing and mobile internet in advance. In the first quarter of this year, investment in China’s high-tech manufacturing and high-tech service industries increased by 11.4% and 19.3% respectively. A batch of innovative products and high technology are becoming new highlights and new impetus for China’s economic growth.

 

中国古语说“甘瓜抱苦蒂,美枣生荆棘”,英语谚语也有“每一朵乌云都镶着一道银边”。历经苦难的中国,从来不畏惧任何压力,任何挑战都挡不住中国前进的步伐,中国经济必会长风破浪会有时,直挂云帆济沧海!

There is an old Chinese saying goes, “Sweet melon embraces bitter root, and beautiful jujube produces thorn”. There is also an English proverb saying of “Every black cloud is set with a silver edge.” China, which has overcome numerous hardships, has never been afraid of facing any pressure, and any challenge can't stop China’s progress. There is no doubt that Chinese economy will harness the wind, break the waves, and traverse the vast rolling sea with the sail piercing the clouds someday.

 

当今世界,各国相互依存,休戚与共。人类是你中有我、我中有你的命运共同体,利益高度融合。面对世界多极化、经济全球化、文化多样化、社会信息化的时代潮流,任何国家都不能关起门来搞建设。“合则两利,斗则俱伤”,唯有开放才能进步,唯有包容才能让进步持久,合作共赢、建设开放经济才是唯一正确的选择。

4

In today’s world, countries are interdependent and share a common stake. Human beings are in a community of shared future, we all have a stake in each other’s future and our interests are deeply interwoven. Faced with the trend towards a multipolar world, economic globalization, cultural diversity and greater IT application, no country can afford to pursue development with its door closed. “Gain through cooperation and lose by confrontation”, only openness can ensure progress, only tolerance can make progress lasting. Building an open economy through win-win cooperation is the only correct choice.

 

去年是中国改革开放40周年,中国推出了100多项重要改革举措,举办了首届中国国际进口博览会,启动了建设海南自由贸易试验区。今年11月,中国还将举办第二届中国国际进口博览会。一年多来,习近平主席在不同国际场合发出中国将坚定不移深化改革、扩大开放的铿锵有力声音:在博鳌亚洲论坛年会上,他表示中国开放的大门只会越开越大;在首届中国国际进口博览会上,他宣布一系列扩大开放重大举措;在亚太经合组织领导人非正式会议上,他释放“坚定不移全面深化改革,坚持对外开放基本国策”强烈信号;在上个月闭幕的第二届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛上,他又宣布采取一系列重大改革开放举措。

In 2018, the 40th anniversary year of China’s reform and opening-up; China launched over 100 major reform measures, held the first China International Import Expo, and began construction of a pilot free trade zone in Hainan. In November this year, China will hold the second China International Import Expo. For more than a year, President Xi Jinping has made powerful voices that China will unswervingly deepen reforms and open up in different international occasions: at the Annual Conference of the Boao Forum for Asia, he said that China’s door of opening-up will only open even wider; at the first China International Import Expo, he announced a series of major initiatives aimed at opening wider to the world; at the APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting, he sent a strong signal that “China will pursue with resolve continued reform across the board and continue to pursue its fundamental policy of opening-up”; at the Second Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation which closed last month, he announced a series of major reform and opening up measures.

 

中国改革40年的实践充分证明,只有顺应历史潮流,积极应变,主动求变,才能与时代同行。中国发展为广大发展中国家走向现代化提供了成功经验、展现了光明前景。中国改革开放的步伐永远向前。世界看到了改革开放的中国加速度,看到了将改革开放进行到底的中国决心。

The practice of China’s reform in the past 40 years has fully proved that only by conforming to the historical trend, actively adapting and embracing change, can we walk with the times. China’s development provides successful example and demonstrates a bright future for developing countries to achieve modernization. China’s reform and opening up is always moving forward. The world has seen China’s determination in the accelerating of its reform and opening up process and carry on reform and opening up to the end.

 

非洲是希望的大陆,发展的热土,是全球经济增长最快的地区之一。“河有源泉水才深”,印证了中非友好交往源远流长。非洲雄狮正加速奔跑,中非关系进入全面发展的快车道。2018年,中国对非投资存量超过1100亿美元。中非贸易额达2042亿美元,同比增长20.1%,较同期外贸增幅高出7.5个百分点。特别是中国自非洲进口额大幅上升,达到993亿美元,同比增长31.9%,较同期中国从全球进口增幅高出16个百分点。与一些国家单边主义、利己主义行为形成鲜明对比的是,中国张开怀抱欢迎非洲搭乘中国发展快车,与非洲兄弟共享发展红利。

5

Africa is a continent of hope, a hot spot for development, and one of the fastest developing regions in the world. As a saying in Africa goes, “A river runs deep, thanks to its source”, which confirms that China-Africa friendly exchanges have a long history. African lion is accelerating and China-Africa relations are entering the fast lane of all-round development. In 2018, China’s investment in Africa exceeded US$110 billion. China-Africa trade volume reached US$204 billion, up 20.1% year-on-year, and 7.5 percentage points higher than the overall growth rate of China’s foreign trade in the same period. In particular, China’s imports from Africa increased significantly, reaching US$99.3 billion, a year-on-year increase of 31.9%, which was 16 percentage points higher than China’s overall global import growth over the same period. In stark contrast to some countries’ unilateralism and self-interested behavior, China welcomes Africa to take the express train of China development and share its benefits.

 

2018年中非合作论坛北京峰会上,习近平主席宣布未来三年和今后一段时间重点实施“八大行动”,并以政府援助、金融机构和企业融资方式向非洲提供600亿美元支持。中国不将仅向非洲国家提供低息贷款,还将为非洲带来技术和就业机会,帮助非洲自主发展和长远发展,帮助非洲加快实现工业化和农业现代化。当务之急是要不断提高中非合作水平,寻求中非合作的新契合点和增长点,实现“双赢”,努力实现各自的“中国梦”和“非洲梦”。

At the 2018 Beijing Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation, President Xi Jinping announced launching eight major initiatives in the next three years and beyond, and extending US$60 billion of financing to Africa in the form of government assistance as well as investment and financing by financial institutions and companies. China will not only provide concessional loans, but also bring technology and employment opportunities to Africa, helping with Africa’s independent and long-term development and accelerating of Africa’s industrialization and agricultural modernization. It is imperative to continuously improve the level of China-Africa cooperation, seek new convergence points and growth points for China-Africa cooperation, achieve “win-win” cooperation, and strive to achieve our respective “Chinese dreams” and “African dreams.”

 

中纳两国传统友谊深厚,上世纪60年代以来,两国老一辈领导人建立了深厚的革命友谊,两国人民在反殖反帝、争取民族独立和解放斗争中和国家发展振兴的道路上,相互支持、真诚合作,结下了同呼吸、共命运、心连心的兄弟情义。虽远隔重洋,相距遥远,但相似的历史遭遇、渴望共同发展的理念,使中纳人民具有天然的亲近感。联结我们的不仅是深厚的传统友谊,还有密切的利益纽带。根哥布总统提出的“团结繁荣计划”与中国发展战略高度契合,两国合作发展迎来了前所未有的历史性机遇。中美贸易摩擦背景下,或许对中纳合作而言“塞翁失马焉知非福”。譬如,美国农产品输华数量少了,对纳牛肉、葡萄等输华或许就是机遇。我期待在第一届中国—非洲经贸博览会和第二届中国国际进口博览会上看到更多纳米比亚产品,期待中纳友好务实合作双向共赢。

China and Namibia enjoy profound traditional friendship. Since the 1960s, the leaders of the older generations of our two countries have established a profound revolutionary comradeship. During our liberation struggle against imperialism, colonialism and national development, our peoples supported each other and cooperated sincerely, forging brotherhood through which we stood with each other. Although far apart from each other, similar historical experiences and the eager to develop together give the Chinese and Namibian people a natural sense of intimacy. What linked us is not only a profound traditional friendship, but also a close bond of interest. The Harambee Prosperity Plan put forward by President Geingob is highly compatible with China’s development strategy. The cooperation between the two countries is faced with an unprecedented historic opportunity. Against the backdrop of China-US trade frictions, China-Namibia cooperation may have more opportunity rather than misfortune. For example, the number of US agricultural products exported to China decreased, which may be a chance for Namibia to expand beef and grapes export to China. I also look forward to seeing more Namibian products at the first China-Africa Economic and Trade Expo and the Second China International Import Expo. I look forward to achieving more win-win cooperation between China and Namibia.

 

让我们携手同行,继续坚定走互利合作、共同发展的道路,加强在矿业、农业、科技、基础设施、旅游、贸易投资便利化等各领域的务实合作,并对接具体项目,共同谱写中纳全面战略合作伙伴关系新篇章,推动中纳关系在更高水平上实现新发展!

Let us join hands and continue to follow the path of mutually beneficial cooperation and common development, strengthen pragmatic cooperation in various fields such as mining, agriculture, science and technology, infrastructure, tourism, trade and investment facilitation, to write a splendid new chapter of China-Namibia comprehensive strategic partnership, and promote new developments of China-Namibia relations to an even higher level!