新疆正在发生什么变化
What Is Really Happening in Xinjiang
程学源大使在斯里兰卡主流媒体发表专栏文章
Published by Ambassador Cheng Xueyuan on Sri Lankan Newspaper
2019年7月22日
22 July 2019
近段时间，一些美国及西方政客、媒体不断攻击中国政府对新疆的治理，诬称新疆出现“大规模侵犯人权”的“集中营”。但事实的真相到底是怎么样的？
Recently, I was surprised to notice that some politicians and media in the western countries continuously attacked China’s policy in Xinjiang, falsely claiming that a large number of “concentration camps” violating human rights have been established there. But what is the true story?
一、中国政府高度重视维护新疆的民族和睦、宗教和谐及文化发展。新疆有维吾尔、汉、哈萨克、回、蒙古、塔吉克等47个民族，也有伊斯兰教、佛教、天主教、基督教等不同宗教的众多信众。新疆人口2440万，穆斯林人口约1300万，现有清真寺2.44万座，平均530位穆斯林拥有一座清真寺，比例甚至高于部分伊斯兰国家，根本不存在所谓“压迫”穆斯林的问题。在新疆，广播电视使用多种语言，各民族公民可使用本民族语言进行诉讼和选举，高考试卷使用汉、维吾尔、哈萨克等5种文字。
In Xinjiang have settled as many as 47 ethnic groups, including the Uygur, Han, Kazak, Hui, Mongolian, Tajik etc. Among the 24.4 million population of Xinjiang, nearly 13 million are Muslims. The Chinese government has attached great importance to maintaining the ethnic and religious harmony, as well as the economic and cultural development in Xinjiang. There are 24,400 mosques in Xinjiang by far, which means one mosque shared by every 530 Muslims, an even higher proportion than some Islamic countries. In Xinjiang, television programs are broadcast in multiple languages, and diverse ethnic groups are allowed to use their own languages in lawsuits and election. Chinese, Uygur and Kazak languages are equally available in The National College Entrance Examination. All the facts clearly prove the so-called “oppression of Muslims” a total fake news.
二、但中国境内外一些势力不希望新疆保持稳定繁荣。上世纪90年代以来，受国际恐怖主义以及域外势力的影响，中国境内外开始形成“三股势力”（民族分裂势力、宗教极端势力、暴力恐怖势力）。他们为了分裂中国、分裂新疆，在新疆策划制造了多达上千起的暴力恐怖事件，造成大量各族无辜群众伤亡，数百名公安干警牺牲。联合国和众多国家早就将“东突厥斯坦伊斯兰运动”等认定为国际恐怖组织。
However, such stability and prosperity in Xinjiang is not what some external forces wish to see. Since the 1990s, under the combined infection of separatists, extremists and terrorists, both domestically and internationally, Xinjiang has seen thousands of violent and terrorist crimes, leading to huge casualties of innocent citizens and death of hundreds of policemen. Those terrorists such as “East Turkistan Islamic Movement” have already been identified by UN and many countries as international terrorist organization.
三、根据《宪法》、《反恐怖法》等法律法规，中国政府在新疆设立了职业技能教育培训中心，作为预防性反恐措施。教培中心实际上是寄宿制学校，主要内容是学国家通用语言文字、学法律、学职业技能，去极端化。任何国家的公民都应该会讲本国通用语言；在任何国家法律都不能被无视、被架空；没有职业技能就容易失业、陷入贫困，从而为极端思想传播提供土壤。
As a precaution measure to fight terrorism, the Chinese government has established vocational training centers in Xijiang, in accordance with the Constitution and the Counter-terrorism Law. These centers are in fact boarding schools, where lessons on national language, laws, vocational training and deradicalization are offered for free, so that trainees can master a skill and achieve self-reliance after the training. It is a common sense that any citizen, no matter in which country, should be able to use the national language; laws of all countries shall not be ignored or even overridden. Lack of access to necessary vocational skills will cause unemployment and poverty, which would become soil nurturing extremist ideas.
在新疆，学员签订《培养协议》接受帮教，教培中心免费提供食宿，依法保障学员各项基本权利。学员可以定期回家，有事随时请假，亲属可以来访，还可以视频电话交流。
In Xinjiang, trainees sign agreements with the training centers, share free food and accommodation, and enjoy all fundamental rights. Trainees can have home visits on regular basis and can ask for leave for personal affairs. Families are also free to visit and to video chat with them.
最重要的是，自教培中心设立以来，新疆已经超过25个月未发生过暴力恐怖事件，安全形势得到极大改观。2018年国内外赴新疆游客数量超过1.5亿人次，增长约50%。
What is most significant and important is that since the establishment of training centers, no violent or terrorist activity occurred in Xinjiang for more than 25 months, and the overall security has been largely improved there. In the year of 2018, tourists to Xinjiang, from inside and outside China, numbered over 150 million, with a 40 percent growth comparing to the year of 2017.
四、国际社会不会再轻易听信西方媒体的谣言了。7月12日，来自不同地区、不同民族、不同宗教、不同社会制度的37个国家致信联合国人权理事会，明确支持中国的新疆政策，反对将人权“政治化”，积极评价中国政府在新疆采取的一系列反恐和去极端化措施，包括建立职业技能教育培训中心，认为这不仅有利于中国、也有利于国际地区的安全与稳定。值得一提的是，这37个国家中有不少是伊斯兰国家。
The international community will no longer easily believe the rumors of western media. On 12th July, 37 countries of diverse regions, nationalities, religions and social systems co-signed a letter to United Nations Human Rights Council, supporting China’s policy in Xinjiang and objecting “politicizing” human rights issue. They speak highly of China’s counter-terrorism and de-radicalization efforts in Xinjiang, including the establishment of training centers, which they believe will benefit the security and stability of China, the region and the world. It is worth mentioning that many among these 37 countries are actually Islamic countries.
包括这些伊斯兰国家在内的很多发展中国家，对恐怖主义、极端主义和分裂主义有着切肤之痛，因此才能换位思考，理解新疆真正存在的问题就是恐怖主义威胁，并支持中国新疆的反恐政策。
Because many countries also suffer from terrorism, extremism and separatism, they fully understand that the real problem in Xinjiang is the threat of terrorism, and strongly support China’s anti-terrorism practice in Xinjiang.
五、两周以前（7月7日），我专门前往尼甘布，考察了4·21事件中伤亡最严重的圣塞巴斯蒂安教堂，看望了当地无辜的受伤儿童。我对斯里兰卡各族人民的伤痛感同身受。事件再次提醒我们，恐怖主义和极端势力仍旧是中斯两国面临的共同威胁。我们相信，斯社会各界人士及民众能够明辨是非，充分理解并支持中方依法打击“三股势力”所做努力。让我们共同努力，深化安全执法合作、扩大民族宗教交流，共同维护国家的和平与安全。
About two weeks ago, on 7th July, I had an opportunity to visit Negombo, mourn in the St. Sebastian Church, and visit the children injured in the 21/4 terrorist attacks. I can strongly feel the pain of the Sri Lankan people from all ethnic communities. The attacks reminded us once again that terrorism and extremism are common threats for both China and Sri Lanka. We believe that people from all circles of Sri Lanka society can tell what is right from wrong, and can fully understand China’s efforts in fighting terrorism, extremism and separatism. Let us work together, enhance our cooperation on security and law enforcement, encourage more exchanges between different ethnic and religious groups of our two countries, and uphold peace and safety of our two peoples.