共迎挑战，共创机遇，共享未来
Join Hands to Meet the Challenges, Create New Opportunities and Build a Shared Future
驻英国大使刘晓明在中欧企业家峰会上的主旨演讲
Keynote Speech by Ambassador Liu Xiaoming at the Sino-European Entrepreneurs Summit
2019年6月10日
10 June 2019
尊敬的中外企业家联合会联席主席龙永图先生，
尊敬的英国国际贸易部国务大臣斯图尔特先生，
尊敬的英国前总检察长加尼尔勋爵，
各位中欧企业家，
女士们、先生们，
Chairman Long Yongtu,
Minister Graham Stuart,
Lord Edward Garnier,
Entrepreneurs,
Ladies and Gentlemen:
大家上午好！
Good morning!
很高兴第三次出席中欧企业家峰会，这也是我昨天从国内述职返英后的第一场演讲。中欧企业家峰会自2008年创立以来，聚焦国际大势，探讨热点议题，推动中欧政、商、学界朋友共商发展、共谋合作，为深化中欧和中英关系提供新智慧、新思路，我对此表示赞赏。
It is a real delight to join you for the third time at the Sino-European Entrepreneurs Summit and give my first speech a day after coming back from China. Since its inception in 2008, the Sino-European Entrepreneurs Summit has focused on topics that are always highly pertinent and timely. It has become an effective platform for political, business and academic leaders from China and Europe to explore ways to work together and achieve development. Over the years, the Summit has contributed new ideas and new thoughts on how to deepen China-Europe and China-UK relations. I would like to express my appreciation for this.
本届峰会主题是“迈向中欧商业合作新纪元”。围绕这一主题，我想从全球、中欧、中英三个层面谈谈对中欧合作新纪元的看法：
The theme of this year’s Summit is “A New Era for China-Europe Business Cooperation”. Let me share with you my views on the challenges and opportunities in the new era from three perspectives: global environment, China-Europe cooperation and China-UK cooperation.
第一，如何看待新纪元全球营商环境面临的挑战？
First, how do we see the challenges in the global business environment in the new era?
当今世界正经历百年未有之大变局，新一轮科技革命和产业变革方兴未艾，成为重塑世界格局、创造人类未来的主导力量。但与此同时，单边主义、保护主义抬头，经济全球化遭遇逆风，国际经济秩序和多边贸易体制受到严重冲击。某个西方大国成为这股逆流的主要推手，其贸易霸凌主义政策和保护主义举措，不仅影响中美经贸关系，也对世界营商环境造成多重冲击：
The world is undergoing profound changes unseen in a century. The new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation is leading the forces reshaping the international landscape and determining the future of mankind. However, at the same time, unilateralism and protectionism are on the rise. Economic globalization encounters headwind. And the international economic order and multilateral trade system experience severe setback. A big Western power, adopting bullying trade policies and protectionist measures, is the major force behind this gloomy picture. This has not only affected its business relations with China. Their impact on the global business environment could be extremely negative and worrisome.
一是干扰全球产业链和供应链。经济全球化不是一个空洞的概念，具体体现在诸多跨国企业环环相扣的国际产业链和供应链之中。这个国家加征关税措施人为增加产业链成本，影响供应链的稳定和安全。大量企业被迫调整全球布局，降低了全球资源配置效率。
First, they risk disrupting the global industrial chain and supply chain. Economic globalization is not an empty concept. It is real and concrete. The global industrial chain and supply chain have locked the multi-national corporations in an interdependent network. They are the exact embodiment of economic globalization. But this big Western power raises tariffs at the expense of the industrial chain and undermines the stability and security of the supply chain, forcing many corporations to readjust their global layout and resulting in lower efficiency in global resources allocation.
二是损害多边贸易体制权威。这个国家根据国内法，以维护“国家安全”为名，对他国肆意挥舞“关税大棒”，严重违反世界贸易组织最基本最核心的最惠国待遇、关税约束等规则，损害了世界贸易组织及其争端解决机制的权威性，使多边贸易体制和国际贸易秩序陷入险境。
Second, they undermine the authority of the multilateral trade system. This big Western power is using tariff weapon against other countries according to its domestic law and at the excuse of safeguarding “national security”. This goes against the most fundamental and central WTO rules on most-favoured-nation treatment and tariff bindings. This undermines the authority of the WTO and its dispute settlement system. And this puts the multilateral trade system and the international trade order in jeopardy.
三是威胁世界经济复苏势头。目前世界经济尚未完全走出国际金融危机阴影，这个国家却到处挑起“贸易战火”，打击市场信心，阻碍全球经济复苏势头，殃及世界各国企业发展和人民福祉。世贸组织将2019年全球贸易增长预期由此前的3.7%下调至2.6%，今年第二季度全球贸易景气指数处于2010年3月以来最低水平。
Third, they thwart the momentum of world economic recovery. At a time when the world economy has not fully recovered from the international financial crisis, this big Western power’s move to trigger “trade wars” will dampen market confidence, hamper economic recovery, hold back the growth of enterprises and affect people all over the world. As a result, WTO has downgraded the growth forecast for global trade from 3.7% to 2.6%. And the “World Trade Outlook Indicator” for the second quarter of this year hit the lowest level since March 2010.
中方始终坚信，贸易战没有赢家，对话磋商才是正道。当前中美经贸磋商严重受挫，责任完全在美方。美国在磋商进程中违背共识、出尔反尔、不讲诚信。中国则始终本着善意和诚信，秉持相互尊重、平等互利的精神，努力通过磋商解决问题，维护全球经济稳定和发展。我愿强调，中国在磋商中的立场和态度是一贯的、明确的，那就是：谈，大门敞开；打，奉陪到底。
China always believes that there is no winner in a trade war. Dialogue and consultation are the right way forward. For the severe setbacks in China-US trade talks the US should bear full responsibility, because it has gone against consensus and broken promises during the talks. By contrast, China went into the negotiations in good faith and in the spirit of mutual respect, equality and mutual benefit. We had tried to find a solution through consultations. We hope to maintain the stability and development of the world economy. China’s position and attitude in the trade talks is consistent and clear: China is always open for talks, but we would fight to the end should a “trade war” break out.
第二，如何推进中欧新纪元商业合作？
Now let me turn to China-Europe business cooperation: how do we advance this cooperation in the new era?
长期以来，中欧在改善全球经济治理、维护多边主义、倡导自由贸易等重大问题上拥有广泛共识，双方合作基础牢固。2018年中欧双边贸易额为6047亿欧元，同比增长5.5%，欧盟对华实际投资104.2亿美元，同比上升25.7%。今年3月，习近平主席访问法国期间，与法国总统马克龙、德国总理默克尔、欧盟委员会主席容克共同出席了中法全球治理论坛闭幕式，双方就共同维护多边主义、改善全球治理、加强国际对话与合作达成重要共识。我认为，中欧要把上述共识转化为发展动力，需做好“三个加强”：
China and Europe share broad consensus on major issues such as improving global economic governance, upholding multilateralism and advocating free trade. Our cooperation has a solid foundation. In 2018, bilateral trade between China and Europe stood at 604.7 billion euros (681.8 billion dollars), increasing by 5.5% year-on-year. Real investment from Europe in China reached 10.42 billion dollars, up by 25.7% year-on-year. When President Xi Jinping visited France last March, he attended the closing ceremony of the China-France Global Governance Forum together with French President Macron, German Chancellor Merkel and President of the European Commission Juncker. They reached an important consensus on upholding multilateralism, improving global governance and enhancing international dialogue and cooperation. In my opinion, to translate this consensus into real growth, China and Europe should work together in the following three aspects:
一是加强信任合作，夯实理念共识。随着经济全球化深入发展，世界已形成你中有我、我中有你的国际产业分工格局和全球市场，各国经济发展相互依赖，市场波动相互影响。在这样的背景下，中欧应继续坚持互尊互信、平等相待、开放包容、互利共赢，共同捍卫国际关系基本准则，推进全球治理体系完善，捍卫以规则为基础的多边贸易体制，推动世界经济持续健康发展。上个月，中国向世贸组织提交了改革建议文件，详述了中方立场。我们愿与欧方一道推动改革取得进展，使世贸组织在全球经济治理中发挥更大作用。
First, China and Europe should enhance mutual trust. The ever-deepening economic globalization has resulted in the international division of labour and created a global market, where countries rely on each other for economic growth, and market fluctuations are felt across the world. Against this background, it is important that China and Europe respect and trust each other, treat each other as equals, stay open and inclusive, and engage in win-win cooperation. We should work together to uphold the basic norms governing international relations. We should improve the global governance system, safeguard the rule-based multilateral trade system, and ensure the sustained and sound growth of the world economy. Last month, China submitted to the WTO the Document of China’s Suggestions on WTO Reforms, in which China’s position is explained in detail. China stands ready to work with Europe to advance WTO reforms so that WTO could play a bigger role in global economic governance.
二是加强规则合作，引领创新升级。欧盟长期是中国第一大贸易伙伴和第一大技术来源地，中国是欧盟第二大贸易伙伴，双方互为重要投资伙伴。中欧在核能、航空、人工智能和数字网络技术领域合作潜力巨大，在绿色经济、5G、金融等领域合作前景广阔。双方应加强沟通合作，推动构建和平安全、民主透明、包容普惠的技术规则体系和国际合作新框架，促进产业转型升级，让科技创新成果惠及更多民众。
Second, China and Europe should work together on rules setting, and take the lead in innovation-driven industrial upgrading. The EU has been China’s largest trading partner and China is EU’s second largest trading partner. Our two sides have also been important partners in technology transfer and investment. There are huge potential and broad prospects for our cooperation in areas such as nuclear power, aviation, artificial intelligence, digital technology, green economy, 5G and financial services. To tap such potential, our two sides should enhance communication and cooperation. We can work together to build a peaceful, safe, democratic, transparent, inclusive and universally-beneficial system of rules that govern international cooperation. This would facilitate industrial transformation and upgrading. It would also help deliver the benefit of scientific and technological innovation to more people.
三是加强开放合作，分享发展机遇。开放融通、共同发展是时代的主流。目前，中国正逐步放宽或取消银行、保险、证券、电信、医疗、教育、交通、能源等行业外资股比限制，宝马、巴斯夫、安盛、安联等欧洲企业相继扩大在华投资。在全球跨境投资大幅下滑背景下，中国2018年吸引外资1350亿美元，逆势增长3%，充分展示了国际社会对中国经济的信心。中国将以落实《外商投资法》为契机，进一步深化改革、扩大开放、优化营商环境。我们年内还将举办第二届中国国际进口博览会，为各国企业拓展对华合作提供更多机遇。
Third, China and Europe should enhance open cooperation and share development opportunities. Openness, connectivity and common development are the trend of our times. China has followed this trend by easing or removing the foreign ownership cap in sectors such as banking, insurance, securities, telecommunications, medical care, education, transport and energy. As a result, BMW, BASF, AXA, Allianz and many other European companies have expanded their investment in China. Moreover, despite the steep drop in global FDI last year, the amount flowing into China totaled 135 billion dollars, up by 3%. This speaks volumes about international confidence in the Chinese economy. As China implements The Foreign Investment Law, it will take further measures to deepen reform, open its door wider to the world and make business environment even better. Later this year, we will host the second China International Import Expo. This will create more opportunities for more wide-ranging cooperation between foreign companies and their Chinese partners.
第二，如何看待新形势下中英合作前景？
Now I would like to turn to China-UK cooperation: how do we see the prospects of this cooperation under the new situation?
今年是新中国成立70周年，也是中英建立代办级外交关系65周年。站在新的历史起点上，中英关系也面临新形势、新机遇。展望未来，我认为，中英双方需要把握好以下几点：
This year marks the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China. It is also the 65th anniversary of the establishment of China-UK diplomatic relationship at the level of chargé d’affaires. At this new historical starting point, China-UK relationship is faced with a new situation and new opportunities. Tapping these opportunities requires China and the UK to make the following efforts as we go forward:
一是坚定信心，推进中英关系“黄金时代”行稳致远。2015年习近平主席成功对英国国事访问，开启中英关系“黄金时代”，两国各领域合作稳步推进、成果显著。2018年中英双边货物贸易首次突破800亿美元大关，中国对英直接投资同比增长14%。今年4月，哈蒙德财政大臣赴华出席第二届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛，为中英“一带一路”合作注入新动力。下周，中英将举行第十次经济财金对话，推动双方在金融、贸易、农业等领域合作走实走深。
First, we should stay confident in the steady and sustained development of the China-UK “Golden Era”. President Xi Jinping’s successful state visit to the UK in 2015 ushered in the China-UK “Golden Era”. Since then, the cooperation between our two countries has made steady progress and delivered fruitful results across the board. In 2018, China-UK trade in goods exceeded 80 billion dollars for the first time; FDI from China to the UK increased by 14% year-on-year. Last April, Chancellor Hammond attended the second “Belt and Road” Forum for International Cooperation in Beijing. This gave a further boost to China-UK cooperation on the Belt and Road Initiative. Next week, our two countries will hold the tenth Economic and Financial Dialogue. This will be an important opportunity to explore deeper and more substantial cooperation on financial services, trade and agriculture.
二是保持自主，营造开放、透明、公平的营商环境。中英都是具有全球影响的大国，在推进开放合作方面拥有广泛共识。今年初，英国电信公司成为首个在华获得全国性牌照的国际电信公司。同时，华为在英经营也备受关注。我在国内述职期间专门与华为领导层进行了交流，深切感到华为重视英国市场、看好对英合作潜力。希望英国政府能排除干扰和压力，从本国利益和中英合作大局出发做出独立、正确的抉择，为包括华为在内的中国企业营造开放、透明、公平的营商环境。
Second, we should make decisions independently in order to foster an open, transparent and fair business environment. As big countries of global influence, China and the UK have broad consensus on promoting open cooperation. Early this year, BT became the first overseas telecom operator to secure nationwide license in China. At the same time, the future of a Chinese telecom company in the UK is watched closely. Last month during my annual consultations back in China, I had the opportunity to meet with the top management team of Huawei. From the meetings I could see the importance Huawei attaches to the UK market and how deeply they believe that cooperation with the UK enjoys a promising future. It is important that the British Government resist interruptions and pressure, and make the right decision independently based on its national interests and the interests of China-UK cooperation. I hope that Chinese companies including Huawei will continue to find themselves in an open, transparent and fair business environment here in the UK.
三是着眼长远，为“后脱欧时代”中英关系创造有利条件。当前，英国脱欧存在一定不确定性。中国相信英欧双方有智慧、有能力处理好英国脱欧问题。中国推动中欧、中英关系并行发展的既定政策不会改变，我们既希望看到一个繁荣稳定的欧洲，也希望看到一个繁荣稳定的英国。在“后脱欧时代”，中方愿与英欧双方不断探索在货物、服务、投资等领域的合作新机遇，实现互利多赢。
Third, we should keep the long-term interests and big picture in mind so as to create favourable conditions for China-UK relations after “Brexit”. Despite the uncertainties of Brexit, China believes that both the UK and the EU have the wisdom and capability to deal with this issue in a proper manner. China remains unchanged in developing both China-EU and China-UK relations. We hope to see a prosperous and stable EU as well as a prosperous and stable UK. China stands ready to work with both the UK and the EU to explore new opportunities for cooperation on goods, services and investment after the UK leaves the EU. I am sure we could achieve win-win results for all.
女士们、先生们，
Ladies and Gentlemen:
二百多年前，英国经济学家亚当·斯密曾说：“贸易和分工竞争越自由、越普遍，对公共社会的益处就越大。”
More than two hundred years ago, Adam Smith emphasized the importance of openness and free competition. He said, “In general, if any branch of trade, or any division of labour, be advantageous to the public, the freer and more general the competition, it will always be the more so.”
习近平主席指出：“一个更加开放的中国，将同世界形成更加良性的互动，带来更加进步和繁荣的中国和世界。”
President Xi Jinping said, “We are convinced that a more open China will further integrate itself into the world and deliver greater progress and prosperity for both China and the world at large.”
人类历史的发展实践证明，充分的市场竞争有利于经济良性发展，而蛮横的保护主义只会损害各国利益。我衷心希望中欧、中英企业家朋友们充分发挥创新和奋斗精神，携手努力，共迎挑战，将合作信心化为实际行动，将合作机遇变成互利成果，共同开创中英、中欧关系的美好新纪元！
Facts have proven that full market competition is conducive to sound economic growth, while arbitrary protectionism only harms the interests of all countries. I sincerely hope that entrepreneurs from China, the UK and Europe could join hands to meet the challenges in the spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship. I hope you would stay confident in our cooperation and take concrete actions to translate opportunities into mutually-beneficial results. Together, we could create a prosperous future for China-UK relations and together, we could build a new era for China-Europe cooperation!
最后，预祝本届中欧企业家峰会取得圆满成功！
In conclusion, I wish the tenth Sino-European Entrepreneurs Summit a great success!
谢谢！
Thank you!