张军大使关于美国提交的延长对伊朗武器禁运安理会决议草案的解释性发言
Explanation of Vote by Ambassador Zhang Jun on the Security Council Draft Resolution Presented by the US on the Extension of Arms Embargo on Iran
2020年8月14日
14 August 2020
2015年7月，经过长期艰苦努力，有关各方在维也纳达成伊朗核问题全面协议。这份协议是集体智慧的结晶，是多边外交的成果，业经安理会第2231号决议核可，具有国际法效力。协议达成5年来，已成为国际核不扩散体系的关键组成部分，维护国际与地区和平稳定的积极因素，恪守多边主义解决热点问题的有益实践。
The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) was concluded in Vienna in July 2015 after long and arduous efforts by all relevant parties. As an outcome of collective wisdom and multilateral diplomacy, the JCPOA was endorsed by Security Council Resolution 2231, and has the force of international law. Over the past five years, the JCPOA has become a key element of the international nuclear non-proliferation regime, a positive factor in maintaining regional and global peace and stability, and a good practice of resolving regional issues through multilateralism.
令人遗憾的是，美国于2018年5月单方面退出全面协议，此后逐步恢复对伊非法单边制裁，不断升级对伊“极限施压”政策，极力阻挠其他各方执行全面协议，甚至要求延长安理会对伊武器禁运。这些做法严重违反安理会第2231号决议，导致伊核问题不断紧张升级，遭到国际社会普遍反对。
It is regrettable that the US unilaterally announced its withdrawal from the JCPOA in May 2018 and gradually reimposed illegal unilateral sanctions on Iran. The US has been advancing the so-called “maximum pressure” policy, trying all means to obstruct the implementation of the JCPOA by other parties, even asking the Security Council to extend conventional arms embargo on Iran. These acts violate UNSCR 2231, further escalate tensions, and are widely opposed by the international community.
中方认为，安理会第2231号决议的所有规定，包括涉及对伊武器禁运的有关安排均应得到认真执行。中方多次表明，美方决议草案的实质是恢复对伊制裁，是对伊“极限施压”政策的延续，与全面协议精神相悖，与第2231号决议条款不符，于法无据，于理不通。绝大多数安理会成员不支持美方决议草案。但美方对此置若罔闻，执意推动安理会对决议草案采取行动。在此情况下，中方从维护安理会决议权威、维护国际核不扩散体系、维护地区和平稳定出发，对决议草案投了反对票。
China believes that all provisions of UNSCR 2231, including the arrangements on conventional arms transfers to and from Iran, should be faithfully implemented. China has made clear many times that the US draft resolution is about reimposing sanctions on Iran; it is a continuation of the “maximum pressure” policy which is inconsistent with the spirit of the JCPOA and the provisions of UNSCR 2231. The US draft has no legal ground and common sense. The overwhelming majority of the Security Council members have expressed reservations about the draft. However, the US has ignored those concerns and insisted on asking the Security Council to take action. Under such circumstances, China has voted against the draft resolution with a view to safeguarding the authority of the Security Council, the international nuclear non-proliferation regime, and regional peace and stability.
一段时间以来，美国不断声称要启动“快速恢复制裁”机制。作为全面协议退约者，美国已经丧失协议参与方资格，根本无权要求安理会启动“快速恢复制裁”机制。美国有关企图毫无法理依据，这是包括中方在内的绝大多数安理会成员的共识。如果美国冒天下之大不韪，一意孤行，必将再次碰壁。
Recently, the US has repeatedly claimed that it will invoke the snapback mechanism. Having withdrawn from the JCPOA, the US is no longer a JCPOA participant and therefore ineligible to demand the Security Council invoke a snapback. The overwhelming majority of the Security Council members believe that the US attempt has no legal basis. Should the US insist regardless of international opinion, it is doomed to fail like today.
安理会对美国决议草案的表决结果再次说明：单边主义不得人心，霸凌行径不会得逞，任何将自身利益凌驾于国际社会共同利益之上的企图必将以失败而告终。近年来，美国奉行单边主义，大搞“美国优先”，放弃自身国际义务，任性“毁约”“退群”，早已信誉扫地。在新冠肺炎疫情肆虐全球之际，美国对伊朗深受疫情困扰视而不见，对联合国秘书长及各国呼声熟视无睹，拒不解除对伊单边制裁，进一步加重了伊朗平民的苦难。我们敦促美方早日摒弃单边主义，停止单边制裁和“长臂管辖”，采取理性务实态度，回归遵守全面协议和安理会决议的正确轨道，与各方共同维护国际核不扩散体系，维护中东地区和平与稳定。
The voting result once again shows that unilateralism receives no support and bullying will fail. Any attempt to place one’s own interest above the common interest of the international community is a dead end. In recent years, in pursuing unilateralism and “America first”, the US has abandoned its international obligations, and withdrawn from multilateral agreements and international organizations, shattering its own credibility. As COVID-19 sweeps the world, the US turns a blind eye to the impact of the pandemic on Iran and the appeal by the UN Secretary-General and many countries, and refuses to lift its unilateral sanctions on Iran, making things worse for the Iranian people. We urge the US to abandon unilateralism, and stop unilateral sanctions and long-arm jurisdiction. It should adopt a reasonable and realistic attitude, return to the right track of observing the JCPOA and the UNSC resolution, and work together with relevant parties to maintain the international nuclear non-proliferation regime and peace and stability in the Middle East.
中方一直强调，坚持对话协商，开展外交努力是解决伊核问题的唯一正确途径。在此方面，尤其要维护和执行好全面协议，通过联委会等现有渠道或者新的地区合作架构促进有关各方之间的对话协商，推动妥善解决地区国家之间的分歧。中方将继续同国际社会一道，共同捍卫全面协议和安理会决议，始终站在国际公平正义一边，站在维护世界和平稳定一边，站在捍卫多边主义一边，为推动伊核问题的政治解决作出不懈努力。
China has repeatedly emphasized that diplomatic dialogue and consultation is the only right way forward. Maintaining and implementing the JCPOA is of vital importance. We should facilitate dialogue and consultation among relevant parties through established channels including the Joint Commission, and a new regional cooperation mechanism, to properly address differences among regional countries. China will continue to work with the international community to jointly uphold the JCPOA and the Security Council resolution. China will always be on the side of international fairness and justice, world peace and stability, and multilateralism, and work hard for the political settlement of the Iranian nuclear issue.